Survival Status and Predictor of Mortality Among Adult Stroke Patients in Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Objective: In Africa, there is up to 316 per 100,000 annual incidence rate of stroke, a prevalence of up to 1460 per 100,000, and a 3-year mortality rate higher than 80%. The incidence of stroke mortality in Ethiopia is 19.2%. Stroke is a major cause of disability and death worldwide. Early mortality in-hospital and deprived functional outcomes are common in acute stroke. This study aims to assess survival status and predictors of mortality among adult stroke patients.

Methods: Institution-based retrospective cohort was conducted on patients who were admitted to Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College. A simple random sampling technique was used. Bivariate and multivariable cox regression analysis were used to identify predictors of stroke mortality. For multivariable cox regression analysis statistically, significance was declared at -value <0.05 and 95% CI.

Results: A total of 251 adult stroke patient charts were included in the study. The overall Kaplan-Meier estimate showed that the probability of in-hospital stroke patients' survival on the 41st day was nearly 50%. In this study, 77 (30.7%) of the study participants died. Decreased Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) with adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 4.26 (95% CI: 2.25-8.07) and -value ⩽ 0.01 and presence of pneumonia with AHR 3.05 (95% CI: 1.29-7.21) and -value ⩽ 0.01 are the predictor of mortality.

Conclusion: The probability of survival relatively falls as follow-up time increases. The overall incidence of mortality among adult stroke patients was high. The decreased GCS and the presence of pneumonia are predictors of mortality among adult stroke patients.