Sickle Cell Bone Disease and Response to Intravenous Bisphosphonates in Children

Overview

Journal Osteoporos Int

Specialties Endocrinology
Orthopedics

Date 2022 Jul 29

PMID 35904681

Authors

C Grimbly

P Diaz Escagedo

J L Jaremko

A Bruce

N Alos

M E Robinson

V N Konji

M Page

M Scharke

E Simpson

Y D Pastore

R Girgis

R T Alexander

L M Ward

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: To evaluate bone morbidity and the response to intravenous (IV) bisphosphonate therapy in children with SCD.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of patient records from 2003 to 2019 at three Canadian pediatric tertiary care centers. Radiographs, magnetic resonance images, and computed tomography scans were reviewed for the presence of avascular necrosis (AVN), bone infarcts, and myositis. IV bisphosphonates were offered for bone pain management. Bone mineral density was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Results: Forty-six children (20 girls, 43%) had bone morbidity at a mean age of 11.8 years (SD 3.9) including AVN of the femoral (17/46, 37%) and humeral (8/46, 17%) heads, H-shaped vertebral body deformities due to endplate infarcts (35/46, 76%), and non-vertebral body skeletal infarcts (15/46, 32%). Five children (5/26, 19%) had myositis overlying areas of AVN or bone infarcts visualized on magnetic resonance imaging. Twenty-three children (8/23 girls) received IV bisphosphonate therapy. They all reported significant or complete resolution of bone pain. There were no reports of sickle cell hemolytic crises, pain crises, or stroke attributed to IV bisphosphonate therapy.

Conclusion: Children with SCD have the potential for extensive and early-onset bone morbidity. In this series, IV bisphosphonates were effective for bone pain analgesia and did not trigger sickle cell complications.

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