Effects of Physical Exercise on Bone Mineral Density in Older Postmenopausal Women: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Overview

Journal Arch Osteoporos

Publisher Springer

Date 2022 Jul 27

PMID 35896850

Authors

Keyvan Hejazi

Roya Askari

Martin Hofmeister

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis sets out to determine the effects of physical exercise on BMD in older postmenopausal women.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Medline, Science Direct, Cochrane, PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Scopus, and ProQuest up to December 25, 2021. Fifty-three studies, which assessed a total of 2896 participants (mean age: between 60 and 82 years), were included and analyzed using a random-effects model to estimate weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results: The meta-analysis found that exercise training significantly (p < 0.05) increased femoral neck (WMD: 0.01 g/cm; 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.01], p = 0.0005; I = 57%; p < 0.0001), lumbar spine (WMD: 0.01 g/cm, 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.02], I = 81%; p = 0.0001), and trochanter (WMD: 0.01 g/cm, 95% CI 0.00, 0.02]; p = 0.009; I = 17%; p = 0.23). There were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups for total body and total hip BMD.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that exercise training may improve bone mineral density in older PMW. This improvement is mediated by increases in the femoral neck, lumbar spine, and trochanter BMD. Further long-term studies are required to confirm these findings.

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