Gender Moderates Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial for the Khanya Intervention for Substance Use and ART Adherence in HIV Care in South Africa

Overview

Journal AIDS Behav

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2022 Jul 27

PMID 35895150

Authors

Jennifer M Belus

John A Joska

Yosef Bronsteyn

Alexandra L Rose

Lena S Andersen

Kristen S Regenauer

Bronwyn Myers

Judith A Hahn

Catherine Orrell

Steve A Safren

Jessica F Magidson

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Little is known about gender effects of alcohol and drug use (AOD) among people living with HIV (PLWH) in resource-limited settings. Using multilevel models, we tested whether gender moderated the effect of Khanya, a cognitive-behavioral therapy-based intervention addressing antiretroviral (ART) adherence and AOD reduction. We enrolled 61 participants from HIV care and examined outcomes at 3- and 6-months compared to enhanced treatment as usual (ETAU). Gender significantly moderated the effect of Khanya on ART adherence (measured using electronically-monitored and biomarker-confirmed adherence), such that women in Khanya had significantly lower ART adherence compared to men in Khanya; no gender differences were found for AOD outcomes. Exploratory trajectory analyses showed men in Khanya and both genders in ETAU had significant reductions in at least one AOD outcome; women in Khanya did not. More research is needed to understand whether a gender lens can support behavioral interventions for PLWH with AOD.Trial registry ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03529409. Trial registered on May 18, 2018.

Citing Articles

Increases in employment over six months following Khanya: A secondary analysis of a pilot randomized controlled trial of a peer-delivered behavioral intervention for substance use and HIV medication adherence in Cape Town, South Africa.

Belus J, Regenauer K, Lu T, Murphy S, Rose A, Ochieng Y Int J Drug Policy. 2024; 134:104632.

PMID: 39577326 PMC: 11863180. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104632.

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