Are Pain Polymorphisms Associated with the Risk and Phenotype of Post-COVID Pain in Previously Hospitalized COVID-19 Survivors?

Overview

Journal Genes (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Date 2022 Jul 27

PMID 35893072

Authors

Cesar Fernandez-de-Las-Penas

Rocco Giordano

Gema Diaz-Gil

Antonio Gil-Crujera

Stella M Gomez-Sanchez

Silvia Ambite-Quesada

Lars Arendt-Nielsen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association of different, selected pain polymorphisms with the presence of de novo long-COVID pain symptoms and to analyze the association between these polymorphisms with clinical, sensory-related, cognitive and psychological variables in COVID-19 survivors. Methods: Two hundred and ninety-three (n = 293, 49.5% female, mean age: 55.6 ± 12.9 years) previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors participated. Three genotypes of the following single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were obtained from non-stimulated saliva: OPRM1 (rs1799971), COMT (rs4680), BDNF (rs6265), and HTR1B (rs6296) by polymerase chain reactions in all participants. Further, clinical (intensity/duration of pain), sensory-related (sensitization-associated symptoms, neuropathic pain features), psychological (anxiety or depressive levels, sleep quality), and cognitive (catastrophizing, kinesiophobia) variables were collected in those COVID-19 survivors suffering from post-COVID pain. Analyses were carried out to associate clinical features with genotype. Results: Participants were assessed 17.8 ± 5.2 months after hospitalization. One hundred and seventeen (39.9%) experienced post-COVID pain (particularly of musculoskeletal origin). The distributions of the genotype variants of any SNP were not significantly different between COVID-19 survivors with and without long-term post-COVID pain (all, p > 0.178). No differences in sensitization-associated symptoms, neuropathic pain features, catastrophizing, kinesiophobia levels, anxiety and depressive levels or sleep quality according to the genotype variant in any SNPs were found. No effect of gender was identified. Conclusion: The four SNPs generally associated with pain did not appear to predispose to the development of de novo long-COVID pain symptoms in previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors. The SNPs were not involved in the phenotypic features of post-COVID pain either.

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