Biliary Atresia Animal Models: Is the Needle in a Haystack?
Overview
Chemistry
Molecular Biology
Authors
Affiliations
Biliary atresia (BA) is a progressive fibro-obliterative process with a variable degree of inflammation involving the hepatobiliary system. Its consequences are incalculable for the patients, the affected families, relatives, and the healthcare system. Scientific communities have identified a rate of about 1 case per 10,000-20,000 live births, but the percentage may be higher, considering the late diagnoses. The etiology is heterogeneous. BA, which is considered in half of the causes leading to orthotopic liver transplantation, occurs in primates and non-primates. To consolidate any model, (1) more transport and cell membrane studies are needed to identify the exact mechanism of noxa-related hepatotoxicity; (2) an online platform may be key to share data from pilot projects and new techniques; and (3) the introduction of differentially expressed genes may be useful in investigating the liver metabolism to target the most intricate bilio-toxic effects of pharmaceutical drugs and toxins. As a challenge, such methodologies are still limited to very few centers, making the identification of highly functional animal models like finding a "needle in a haystack". This review compiles models from the haystack and hopes that a combinatorial search will eventually be the root for a successful pathway.
Ultra-structural organization of the gallbladder mucous membrane of Anglo-Nubian goat.
Prusakova A, Zelenevskiy N, Prusakov A, Yashin A, Ponamarev V Vet Res Forum. 2024; 15(3):165-169.
PMID: 38770376 PMC: 11102583. DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2024.2011081.4005.
Gupta K, Xu J, Diamond T, de Jong I, Glass A, Llewellyn J PLoS One. 2024; 19(4):e0301824.
PMID: 38578745 PMC: 10997102. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301824.
Grama A, Mititelu A, Sirbe C, Benta G, Pop T Front Immunol. 2023; 14:1206025.
PMID: 37928553 PMC: 10623351. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206025.
Biliatresone induces cholangiopathy in C57BL/6J neonates.
Schmidt H, Hagens J, Schuppert P, Appl B, Pagerols Raluy L, Trochimiuk M Sci Rep. 2023; 13(1):10574.
PMID: 37386088 PMC: 10310722. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37354-z.
CircUTRN24/miR-483-3p/IGF-1 Regulates Autophagy Mediated Liver Fibrosis in Biliary Atresia.
Liu D, Wu Z, Gao J, Mei Q, Zhang X, Wang B Mol Biotechnol. 2023; 66(6):1424-1433.
PMID: 37369954 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00802-2.