Occlusal Disharmony-A Potential Factor Promoting Depression in a Rat Model

Overview

Journal Brain Sci

Publisher MDPI

Date 2022 Jun 24

PMID 35741632

Authors

Sihui Zhang

Ling Wu

Mi Zhang

Kaixun He

Xudong Wang

Yuxuan Lin

Shuxian Li

Jiang Chen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: Patients with occlusal disharmony (OD) may be susceptible to depression. The hypothalamus−pituitary−adrenal axis, 5-HT and 5HT2AR in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), amygdala, and hippocampus are involved in the modulation of emotion and depression. This study investigated whether OD affects the HPA axis and 5-HT system and, subsequently, produces depression-like behaviors in rats. Materials and methods: OD was produced by removing 0.5 and 0.25 mm of hard tissue from the cusps of the maxillary molars in randomly selected sides of Sprague−Dawley rats. CUS involved exposure to 2 different stressors per day for 35 days. OD-, CUS-, and OD + CUS-treated groups and an untreated control group were compared in terms of behavior, endocrine status and brain histology. Results: There were significant differences among the four groups in the behavior tests (p < 0.05), especially in the sucrose preference test, where there was a significant decrease in the OD group compared to the control group. ACTH and CORT concentrations were significantly higher in the OD + CUS group than the control group (p < 0.05). Expression of GR and 5-HT2AR in the PFC, amygdala and hippocampal CA1 was significantly higher in the OD, CUS and OD + CUS groups than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: OD promotes depression-like behaviors through peripheral and central pathways via the HPA axis, GR and 5-HT system.

References

Porter R, Gallagher P, Watson S, Young A . Corticosteroid-serotonin interactions in depression: a review of the human evidence. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004; 173(1-2):1-17. DOI: 10.1007/s00213-004-1774-1. View

McEuen J, Beck S, Bale T . Failure to mount adaptive responses to stress results in dysregulation and cell death in the midbrain raphe. J Neurosci. 2008; 28(33):8169-77. PMC: 2551751. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0004-08.2008. View

Popova N, Naumenko V . Neuronal and behavioral plasticity: the role of serotonin and BDNF systems tandem. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2019; 23(3):227-239. DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1572747. View

Hara E, Matsuka Y, Minakuchi H, Clark G, Kuboki T . Occlusal dysesthesia: a qualitative systematic review of the epidemiology, aetiology and management. J Oral Rehabil. 2012; 39(8):630-8. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2012.02300.x. View

Artigas F . Developments in the field of antidepressants, where do we go now?. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013; 25(5):657-70. DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.04.013. View

Yohn C, Gergues M, Samuels B . The role of 5-HT receptors in depression. Mol Brain. 2017; 10(1):28. PMC: 5483313. DOI: 10.1186/s13041-017-0306-y. View

Willner P . Reliability of the chronic mild stress model of depression: A user survey. Neurobiol Stress. 2017; 6:68-77. PMC: 5314419. DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2016.08.001. View

Katz R . Animal model of depression: pharmacological sensitivity of a hedonic deficit. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1982; 16(6):965-8. DOI: 10.1016/0091-3057(82)90053-3. View

Miyake H, Mori D, Katayama T, Fujiwara S, Sato Y, Azuma K . Novel stress increases hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity in mice with a raised bite. Arch Oral Biol. 2016; 68:55-60. DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.03.020. View

10.

Liu X, Zhou K, Yin N, Zhang C, Shi M, Zhang H . Malocclusion Generates Anxiety-Like Behavior Through a Putative Lateral Habenula-Mesencephalic Trigeminal Nucleus Pathway. Front Mol Neurosci. 2019; 12:174. PMC: 6689965. DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00174. View

11.

Piancino M, Tortarolo A, Polimeni A, Cannavale R, Tonni I, Deregibus A . Adverse effects of the bite-raised condition in animal studies: A systematic review. Arch Oral Biol. 2019; 107:104516. DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104516. View

12.

Herman J, Figueiredo H, Mueller N, Ulrich-Lai Y, Ostrander M, Choi D . Central mechanisms of stress integration: hierarchical circuitry controlling hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical responsiveness. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2003; 24(3):151-80. DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2003.07.001. View

13.

Willner P . Validity, reliability and utility of the chronic mild stress model of depression: a 10-year review and evaluation. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1998; 134(4):319-29. DOI: 10.1007/s002130050456. View

14.

Nestler E, Barrot M, DiLeone R, Eisch A, Gold S, Monteggia L . Neurobiology of depression. Neuron. 2002; 34(1):13-25. DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00653-0. View

15.

Willner P, Mitchell P . The validity of animal models of predisposition to depression. Behav Pharmacol. 2002; 13(3):169-88. DOI: 10.1097/00008877-200205000-00001. View

16.

Naumenko V, Popova N, Lacivita E, Leopoldo M, Ponimaskin E . Interplay between serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 receptors in depressive disorders. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2014; 20(7):582-90. PMC: 6493079. DOI: 10.1111/cns.12247. View

17.

Leon-Salazar V, Morrow L, Schiffman E . Pain and persistent occlusal awareness: what should dentists do?. J Am Dent Assoc. 2012; 143(9):989-91. PMC: 4526237. DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.2012.0325. View

18.

Oguchi H, Yamauchi Y, Karube Y, Suzuki N, Tamaki K . Occlusal Dysesthesia: A Clinical Report on the Psychosomatic Management of a Japanese Patient Cohort. Int J Prosthodont. 2017; 30(2):142-146. DOI: 10.11607/ijp.4833. View

19.

Huang H, Zhao J, Jiang L, Xie Y, Xia Y, Lv R . Paeoniflorin improves menopause depression in ovariectomized rats under chronic unpredictable mild stress. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015; 8(4):5103-11. PMC: 4483964. View

20.

Zeni A, Camargo A, Dalmagro A . Ferulic acid reverses depression-like behavior and oxidative stress induced by chronic corticosterone treatment in mice. Steroids. 2017; 125:131-136. DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.07.006. View