Xyloglucan Biosynthesis: From Genes to Proteins and Their Functions

Overview

Journal Front Plant Sci

Date 2022 Jun 20

PMID 35720558

Authors

Jordan D Julian

Olga A Zabotina

Affiliations

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Abstract

The plant's recalcitrant cell wall is composed of numerous polysaccharides, including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. The most abundant hemicellulose in dicot cell walls is xyloglucan, which consists of a β-(1- > 4) glucan backbone with α-(1- > 6) xylosylation producing an XXGG or XXXG pattern. Xylose residues of xyloglucan are branched further with different patterns of arabinose, fucose, galactose, and acetylation that varies between species. Although xyloglucan research in other species lag behind , significant advances have been made into the agriculturally relevant species and , which can be considered model organisms for XXGG type xyloglucan. In this review, we will present what is currently known about xyloglucan biosynthesis in , , and and discuss the recent advances in the characterization of the glycosyltransferases involved in this complex process and their organization in the Golgi.

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