Clinical Behavior and Survival Outcome of Urothelial Bladder Cancer in Young Adults

Overview

Journal Urol Ann

Specialty Urology

Date 2022 Jun 17

PMID 35711476

Authors

Shahbaz Mehmood

Khalid Ibraheem Alothman

Majed Al Rumayyan

Waleed Mohammed Altaweel

Turki Omar Alhussain

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is rare in young adults and therefore natural history of BC is still debatable. This study aimed to determine clinical behavior and prognosis of BC in patients <40 years.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed patients (<40 years) managed with urothelial BC from 2003 to 2019. Patients with nonurothelial histology were excluded. Clinical behavior and prognosis such as recurrence, progression, and survival were assessed. The recurrence is defined as a newly diagnosed occurrence of BC at previous or new site(s). Cancer progression is defined as an increase in staging or grade.

Results: Fifty-five patients inclusive of 45 males and 10 females with a median age of 30.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 25.0-33.0) years were included. The median follow-up was 3.5 (IQR: 1.5-7.0) years. Fifty-one (92.72%) patients were diagnosed with nonmuscle-invasive BC while four (7.27%) patients were diagnosed with muscle-invasive disease. Three out of four patients with muscle-invasive BC died of metastatic disease. According to stage and grade, there were 42 (76.36%) Ta, 9 (16.36%) T1 and 4 (7.27%) having T2 stage while 41 (74.54%) low grade and 14 (25.45%) were having high grade disease. Thirty-six (65.45%) patients remained stable, 13 (26.63%) patients progressed, and 6 (10.90%) patients regressed to lower stage and grade. Higher stage and grade ( = 0.0431) and tumor size >3 cm ( = 0.0454) were significant for recurrence, and higher stage and grade ( = 0.0012) and tumor size >3 cm ( = 0.0055) were associated with tumor progression.

Conclusion: BC in younger adults is mostly low stage and low grade. We should be vigilant in patients with higher stage and grade as it is related with recurrence, progression, and metastatic disease.

Citing Articles

Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma in Young and Elderly Patients: Pathological Insights and Age-Related Variations.

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PMID: 40075692 PMC: 11899223. DOI: 10.3390/cancers17050845.

Clinical and Pathological Characteristics of Bladder Cancer in Patients Aged 18-45 Undergoing Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor.

Croitor A, Dema V, Latcu S, Bardan R, Novacescu D, Barbos V Biomedicines. 2024; 12(11).

PMID: 39595014 PMC: 11591727. DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12112449.

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