Body Fat Percentage, Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Arterial Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents: a Longitudinal Analysis

Overview

Journal BMC Cardiovasc Disord

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Cardiology & Vascular Diseases

Date 2022 Jun 15

PMID 35705925

Authors

Caroline Brand

Ana Paula Sehn

Camila Felin Fochesatto

Joao Francisco de Castro Silveira

Jorge Mota

David Martinez Gomez

Anelise Reis Gaya

Cezane Priscila Reuter

Jane Dagmar Pollo Renner

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: A better understanding of how cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and adiposity interact to associate with arterial blood pressure over time remains inconclusive. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine whether changes in CRF moderates the association between body fat percentage (BF%) and arterial blood pressure in children and adolescents.

Methods: This is an observational longitudinal study with 407 children and adolescents aged 8-17 years followed-up for three years from a city in Southern Brazil. Participants were evaluated in 2011 and 2014. CRF was measured by validated field-based tests following the Projeto Esporte Brazil protocols and peak oxygen uptake (VO) was estimated. BF% was determined by the measures of tricipital and subscapular skinfolds using equations according to sex. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) were measured with a sphygmomanometer according to standard procedures. Moderation analyses included multiple linear regression models adjusted for sex, age, pubertal status, height, socioeconomic level, skin color, and the arterial blood pressure variable itself at baseline.

Results: It was observed a significant inverse association between VO at baseline with SBP (β = - 0.646 CI95% = - 0.976 - 0.316) and DBP (β = - 0.649 CI95% = - 0.923 - 0.375) at follow-up and a positive association between BF% at baseline with SBP (β = 0.274; CI95% = 0.094 0.455) and DBP (β = 0.301; CI95% = 0.150 0.453) at follow-up. In addition, results indicated a significant interaction term between changes in VO and BF% at baseline with both SBP (p = 0.034) and DBP at follow-up (p = 0.011), indicating that an increase of at least 0.35 mL/kg/min and 1.78 mL/kg/min in VO attenuated the positive relationship between BF% with SBP and DBP.

Conclusion: CRF moderates the relationship between BF% and SBP and DBP in children and adolescents.

Citing Articles

The Effectiveness of a Physical Literacy-Based Intervention for Increasing Physical Activity Levels and Improving Health Indicators in Overweight and Obese Adolescents (CAPACITES 64).

Nezondet C, Gandrieau J, Bourrelier J, Nguyen P, Zunquin G Children (Basel). 2023; 10(6).

PMID: 37371188 PMC: 10297512. DOI: 10.3390/children10060956.

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