Clinical Features and Prognosis of COVID-19 Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study

Overview

Journal Med Clin (Engl Ed)

Date 2022 Jun 15

PMID 35702719

Authors

Jian Wang

Li Zhu

Longgen Liu

Xuebing Yan

Leyang Xue

Songping Huang

Biao Zhang

Tianmin Xu

Fang Ji

Chunyang Li

Fang Ming

Yun Zhao

Juan Cheng

Kang Chen

Xiang-An Zhao

Dawen Sang

Xinying Guan

Xiaobing Chen

Xiaomin Yan

Zhaoping Zhang

Jiacheng Liu

Rui Huang

Chuanwu Zhu

Chao Wu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Few studies have investigated the impacts of metabolic syndrome (MS) on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We described the clinical features and prognosis of confirmed COVID-19 patients with MS during hospitalization and after discharge.

Methods: Two hundred and thirty-three COVID-19 patients from the hospitals in 8 cities of Jiangsu, China were retrospectively included. Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients were described and risk factors of severe illness were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.

Results: Forty-five (19.3%) of 233 COVID-19 patients had MS. The median age of COVID-19 patients with MS was significantly higher than non-MS patients (53.0 years vs. 46.0 years, = 0.004). There were no significant differences of clinical symptoms, abnormal chest CT images, and treatment drugs between two groups. More patients with MS had severe illness (33.3% vs. 6.4%, < 0.001) and critical illness (4.4% vs. 0.5%, = 0.037) than non-MS patients. The proportions of respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome in MS patients were also higher than non-MS patients during hospitalization. Multivariate analysis showed that concurrent MS (odds ratio [OR] 7.668, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.062-19.201, < 0.001) and lymphopenia (OR 3.315, 95% CI 1.306-8.411, = 0.012) were independent risk factors of severe illness of COVID-19. At a median follow-up of 28 days after discharge, bilateral pneumonia was found in 95.2% of MS patients, while only 54.7% of non-MS patients presented bilateral pneumonia.

Conclusions: 19.3% of COVID-19 patients had MS in our study. COVID-19 patients with MS are more likely to develop severe complications and have worse prognosis. More attention should be paid to COVID-19 patients with MS.

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