Compensation for Wind Drift During Raptor Migration Improves with Age Through Mortality Selection

Overview

Journal Nat Ecol Evol

Publisher Springer Nature

Specialty Biology

Date 2022 Jun 10

PMID 35680999

Authors

Fabrizio Sergio

Jomar M Barbosa

Alessandro Tanferna

Rafa Silva

Julio Blas

Fernando Hiraldo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Each year, billions of flying and swimming migrants negotiate the challenging displacement imposed by travelling through a flowing medium. However, little is known about how the ability to cope with drift improves through life and what mechanisms drive its development. We examined 3,140 days of migration by 90 GPS-tagged raptorial black kites (Milvus migrans) aged 1-27 years to show that the ability to compensate for lateral drift develops gradually through many more years than previously appreciated. Drift negotiation was under strong selective pressure, with inferior navigators subject to increased mortality. This progressively selected for adults able to compensate for current cross flows and for previously accumulated drift in a flexible, context-dependent and risk-dependent manner. Displacements accumulated en route carried over to shape the wintering distribution of the population. For many migrants, migratory journeys by younger individuals represent concentrated episodes of trait selection that shape adult populations and mediate their adaptation to climate change.

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