Oral Microbiota, a Potential Determinant for the Treatment Efficacy of Gastric Eradication in Humans

The oral cavity serves as another reservoir for gastric and may contribute to the failure of gastric eradication therapy. However, changes to the oral microbial composition after gastric eradication therapy has not yet been identified. This study aims to dissect whether the oral microbiota is involved and which bacterium mediates the clinic failure in eradication. In the present study, the oral microorganisms from patients who had received the gastric eradication treatment were analyzed by a high-throughput 16S rRNA deep sequencing. We found that the β diversity and composition of oral microbiota were remarkably changed in the patients who had experienced successful gastric eradication treatment (SE group) compared to the failure group (FE group). Significantly enriched families, including , , Caulobacteraceae, and Lactobacillaceae, were detected in the SE group. In contrast, the bacterial families, such as Weeksellaceae, Neisseriaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, Spirochaetaceae, and Veillonellaceae, were abundantly expressed in the FE group. Five operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were positively correlated with DOB values, while two OTUs exhibited negative trends. These different enriched OTUs were extensively involved in the 20 metabolic pathways. These results suggest that a balanced environment in the oral microbiota contributes to eradication and metabolic homeostasis in humans. Our data demonstrated that the changes in oral microbiota might contribute to the therapeutic effects of antibiotic therapy. Therefore, a different therapy on the detrimental oral microbiota will increase the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotics on infection.