An Individual Nomogram Can Reliably Predict Tumor Spread Through Air Spaces in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer

Overview

Journal BMC Pulm Med

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Pulmonary Medicine

Date 2022 May 26

PMID 35619108

Authors

Shuai Wang

Huankai Shou

Haoyu Wen

Xingxing Wang

Haixing Wang

Chunlai Lu

Jie Gu

Fengkai Xu

Qiaoliang Zhu

Lin Wang

Di Ge

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) has been shown to adversely affect the prognosis of lung cancer. The correlation between clinicopathological and genetic features and STAS remains unclear.

Method: We retrospectively reviewed 3075 NSCLC patients between2017-2019. We evaluated the relationship between STAS and patients' clinicopathological and molecular features. The chi-square test was performed to compare categorical variables. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to investigate the association of clinical factors with STAS. A nomogram was formulated to predict the presence of STAS.

Results: STAS was identified in 617 of 3075 patients (20.07%). STAS was significantly related to sex (p < 0.001), smoking (p < 0.001), CEA (p < 0.001), differentiation (p < 0.001), histopathological type (p < 0.001), lymphatic vessel invasion (p < 0.001), pleural invasion (p < 0.001), T stage (p < 0.001), N stage (p < 0.001), M stage (p < 0.001), and TNM stage (p < 0.001). STAS was frequently found in tumors with wild-type EGFR (p < 0.001), KRAS mutations (p < 0.001), ALK rearrangements (p < 0.001) or ROS1 rearrangements (p < 0.001). For programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), STAS was associated with PD-L1 expression level in tumor cells (p < 0.001) or stromal cells (p < 0.001), while PD-1 only in stromal cells (p < 0.001). Multivariable analyses demonstrated significant correlations between STAS and CEA level (p < 0.001), pathological grade (p < 0.001), lymphatic vessel invasion (p < 0.001), pleural invasion (p = 0.001), and TNM stage (p = 0.002). A nomogram was formulated based on the results of the multivariable analysis.

Conclusions: Tumor STAS was associated with several invasive clinicopathological features. A nomogram was established to predict the presence of STAS in patients with NSCLC.

Citing Articles

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