Role of Biochar and Compost in Cadmium Immobilization and on the Growth of Spinacia Oleracea

Overview

Journal PLoS One

Specialties General Medicine
Science

Date 2022 May 25

PMID 35613105

Authors

Kinza Tanveer

Noshin Ilyas

Nosheen Akhtar

Humaira Yasmin

Daniel Ingo Hefft

Mohamed A El-Sheikh

Parvaiz Ahmad

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of biochar and compost application on Spinacia oleracea growth in cadmium contaminated soil. Cd toxicity decreased plant growth and biomass significantly and also negatively affected the physiological and biochemical attributes of plants. However, the application of biochar and compost improved the contaminated soil by reducing Cd toxicity and causing its immobilization, which in turn improved plant growth. The combined application of biochar and compost significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced biomass and photosynthetic pigments development in plants. The treatments also increased membrane stability index by 45.12% and enhanced water using efficiency by 218.22%, respectively. The increase in antioxidant activities was 76.03%, 29.02%, and 123.27% in superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase, respectively. The combined application also reduced the cadmium content (reduced 40.14% in root and 51.16% shoot), its translocation (19.67% decrease), and bioaccumulation (52.63% and 40.32% decrease in Cd content in shoot and root, respectively) in spinach plant. Among the two selected varieties of S. oleracea, Desi palak (V1) performed better as compared to Kanta palak (V2). It can be concluded that the combined application of biochar and compost is one of the best strategies to reduce the toxicity level of Cd in plants and to improve their growth.

Citing Articles

Minimization of cadmium toxicity and improvement in growth and biochemical attributes of spinach by using acidified biochar.

Sheikh L, Naz N, Oranab S, Younis U, Alarfaj A, Alharbi S Sci Rep. 2025; 15(1):5880.

PMID: 39966549 PMC: 11836445. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-90746-1.

Enhancing cauliflower growth under cadmium stress: synergistic effects of Cd-tolerant strains and jasmonic acid foliar application.

Shahid S, Dar A, Hussain A, Khalid I, Latif M, Ahmad H Front Microbiol. 2024; 15:1444374.

PMID: 39220045 PMC: 11363903. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1444374.

Exploring the synergistic effects of indole acetic acid (IAA) and compost in the phytostabilization of nickel (Ni) in cauliflower rhizosphere.

Khan R, Sarwar M, Shabaan M, Asghar H, Zulfiqar U, Iftikhar I BMC Plant Biol. 2024; 24(1):275.

PMID: 38605329 PMC: 11007947. DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04920-0.

Retraction: Role of biochar and compost in cadmium immobilization and on the growth of Spinacia oleracea.

PLoS One. 2022; 17(8):e0272393.

PMID: 35976891 PMC: 9385016. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272393.

References

Kaya C, Akram N, Ashraf M, Alyemeni M, Ahmad P . Exogenously supplied silicon (Si) improves cadmium tolerance in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) by up-regulating the synthesis of nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide. J Biotechnol. 2020; 316:35-45. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.04.008. View

Liu W, Zhou Q, Zhang Y, Wei S . Lead accumulation in different Chinese cabbage cultivars and screening for pollution-safe cultivars. J Environ Manage. 2009; 91(3):781-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.10.009. View

Lakhdar A, Falleh H, Ouni Y, Oueslati S, Debez A, Ksouri R . Municipal solid waste compost application improves productivity, polyphenol content, and antioxidant capacity of Mesembryanthemum edule. J Hazard Mater. 2011; 191(1-3):373-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.04.092. View

Bradford M . A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem. 1976; 72:248-54. DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3. View

Bashir S, Zhu J, Fu Q, Hu H . Cadmium mobility, uptake and anti-oxidative response of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic) under rice straw biochar, zeolite and rock phosphate as amendments. Chemosphere. 2017; 194:579-587. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.162. View

Guo D, Ren C, Ali A, Li R, Du J, Liu X . Streptomyces pactum combined with manure compost alters soil fertility and enzymatic activities, enhancing phytoextraction of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in a smelter-contaminated soil. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019; 181:312-320. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.06.024. View

Wang Y, Zhang K, Lu L, Xiao X, Chen B . Novel insights into effects of silicon-rich biochar (Sichar) amendment on cadmium uptake, translocation and accumulation in rice plants. Environ Pollut. 2020; 265(Pt B):114772. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114772. View

Farhangi-Abriz S, Torabian S . Antioxidant enzyme and osmotic adjustment changes in bean seedlings as affected by biochar under salt stress. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2016; 137:64-70. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.11.029. View

Visconti D, Alvarez-Robles M, Fiorentino N, Fagnano M, Clemente R . Use of Brassica juncea and Dactylis glomerata for the phytostabilization of mine soils amended with compost or biochar. Chemosphere. 2020; 260:127661. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127661. View

10.

Dubois M, GILLES K, Hamilton J, Rebers P, Smith F . A colorimetric method for the determination of sugars. Nature. 1951; 168(4265):167. DOI: 10.1038/168167a0. View

11.

Novak J, Ippolito J, Watts D, Sigua G, Ducey T, Johnson M . Biochar compost blends facilitate switchgrass growth in mine soils by reducing Cd and Zn bioavailability. Biochar. 2022; 1:97-114. PMC: 8939468. DOI: 10.1007/s42773-019-00004-7. View

12.

Abbas A, Azeem M, Naveed M, Latif A, Bashir S, Ali A . Synergistic use of biochar and acidified manure for improving growth of maize in chromium contaminated soil. Int J Phytoremediation. 2019; 22(1):52-61. DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1644286. View

13.

AEBI H . Catalase in vitro. Methods Enzymol. 1984; 105:121-6. DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(84)05016-3. View

14.

Li R, Wang J, Zhang Z, Shen F, Zhang G, Qin R . Nutrient transformations during composting of pig manure with bentonite. Bioresour Technol. 2012; 121:362-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.06.065. View

15.

Alburquerque J, de La Fuente C, Bernal M . Improvement of soil quality after "alperujo" compost application to two contaminated soils characterised by differing heavy metal solubility. J Environ Manage. 2010; 92(3):733-41. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.018. View

16.

Benhabyles L, Djebbar R, Miard F, Nandillon R, Morabito D, Bourgerie S . Biochar and compost effects on the remediative capacities of Oxalis pes-caprae L. growing on mining technosol polluted by Pb and As. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020; 27(24):30133-30144. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08833-x. View

17.

Tousi S, Zoufan P, Ghahfarrokhie A . Alleviation of cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and growth improvement by exogenous melatonin pretreatment in mallow (Malva parviflora) plants. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020; 206:111403. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111403. View

18.

Abbas T, Rizwan M, Ali S, Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Qayyum M, Abbas F . Effect of biochar on cadmium bioavailability and uptake in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in a soil with aged contamination. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2017; 140:37-47. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.02.028. View

19.

Alia N, Sardar K, Said M, Salma K, Sadia A, Sadaf S . Toxicity and Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) Grown in a Controlled Environment. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015; 12(7):7400-16. PMC: 4515664. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120707400. View

20.

Ahanger M, Aziz U, Sahli A, Alyemeni M, Ahmad P . Combined Kinetin and Spermidine Treatments Ameliorate Growth and Photosynthetic Inhibition in by Up-Regulating Antioxidant and Nitrogen Metabolism under Cadmium Stress. Biomolecules. 2020; 10(1). PMC: 7022836. DOI: 10.3390/biom10010147. View