Association Between Intimate Partner Violence and Nutritional Status of Married Nepalese Women

Overview

Journal Glob Health Res Policy

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Public Health

Date 2022 May 18

PMID 35585625

Authors

Arun Chaudhary

Janet Nakarmi

Annekathryn Goodman

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is physical, sexual, or psychological harm perpetrated by a spouse or an intimate partner. Its detrimental effects on women's physical, mental, sexual, and reproductive health are well-documented. However, its impact on nutritional status is not well-studied, and previous studies have led to contradictory findings. This study aimed to explore the association between intimate partner violence and the nutritional status of married Nepalese women.

Methods: The study used the 2016 Nepal Demographic Health Survey data, which employed a modified version of the Conflict Tactics Scale to determine women's exposure to IPV. Anemia and low body mass index (BMI) were used as proxies of nutritional status. Multinomial regression was used to analyze the relationship between BMI and IPV; multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between anemia and IPV.

Results: The prevalence of underweight, overweight/obesity, and anemia were respectively 13.9%, 25.1%, and 38.7%. The prevalence of physical, sexual, and emotional IPVs experienced in the preceding year were respectively 9.8%, 4.6%, and 7.6%. Likewise, the prevalence of lifetime physical, sexual, emotional, and controlling behavior IPVs were respectively 21.8%, 7.4%, 12.3%, and 32.1%. The low intensity of emotional IPV (AOR 1.62; CI: 1.02-2.56) and moderate intensity of physical IPV (AOR 3.70; CI: 1.64-8.35) experienced in the preceding year, and low intensity of lifetime emotional IPV (AOR 1.69; CI: 1.11-2.58) were associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity. Moderate intensity of sexual IPV (AOR 2.59; CI: 1.099-6.108) experienced in the preceding year was associated with an increased risk of underweight BMI. The low intensity of lifetime controlling behavior (AOR1.25; CI: 1.03-1.53) was associated with an increased risk of anemia.

Conclusions: Emotional and Physical IPVs are significantly associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity. Sexual IPV is significantly associated with an increased risk of underweight BMI, and controlling behavior is significantly associated with an increased risk of anemia. Seeking help could offset the detrimental effects of IPV; therefore, IPV screening should be a part of regular healthcare assessment for married women, and appropriate rehabilitation should be offered to IPV survivors.

Citing Articles

Addressing systemic exclusion and gender norms to improve nutritional outcomes for adolescent girls in South Asia.

Liyana Pathirana N, Zorbas C, Khadka S, Pokhrel H, Paudyal N, Dharmakeerthi N BMJ. 2025; 388:e080360.

PMID: 40032316 PMC: 11869805. DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2024-080360.

Association between intimate partner violence and nutritional status among Indian women: a latent class analysis approach.

Bhandari P, Prusty R, Begum S Arch Public Health. 2023; 81(1):162.

PMID: 37644503 PMC: 10463353. DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01152-w.

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