Cognitive Impairment in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Overview

Journal Neurosci Bull

Specialty Neurology

Date 2022 May 15

PMID 35569106

Authors

Haoyun Xiao

Fan Hu

Jing Ding

Zheng Ye

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a significant cause of the severe cognitive decline in the elderly population. There is no cure for iNPH, but cognitive symptoms can be partially alleviated through cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion. In the early stages of iNPH, cognitive deficits occur primarily in the executive functions and working memory supported by frontostriatal circuits. As the disease progresses, cognition declines continuously and globally, leading to poor quality of life and daily functioning. In this review, we present recent advances in understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of cognitive impairment in iNPH, focusing on (1) abnormal CSF dynamics, (2) dysfunction of frontostriatal and entorhinal-hippocampal circuits and the default mode network, (3) abnormal neuromodulation, and (4) the presence of amyloid-β and tau pathologies.

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