Immunosuppressive Extracellular Vesicles As a Linking Factor in the Development of Tumor and Endometriotic Lesions in the Gynecologic Tract
Overview
Biophysics
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Affiliations
Both gynecological tumors and endometriosis require for their development a favorable environment, termed in the case of tumors a "pre-metastatic niche" and in case of endometriosis a "pro-endometriotic niche". This is characterized by chronic inflammation and immunosuppression that support the further progression of initial lesions. This microenvironment is established and shaped in the course of a vivid cross-talk between the tumor or endometrial cells with other stromal, endothelial and immune cells. There is emerging evidence that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in this cellular communication, mediating both in tumors and endometriosis similar immunosuppressive and pro-inflammatory mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the latest findings about EVs as immunosuppressive factors, highlighting the parallels between gynecological tumors and endometriosis. Furthermore, we outline their role as potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers as well as their future in therapeutic applications.
Bortot B, Di Florio R, Merighi S, Peacock B, Lees R, Valle F FASEB J. 2024; 38(24):e70267.
PMID: 39698929 PMC: 11656511. DOI: 10.1096/fj.202402499R.
Utkarsh K, Srivastava N, Papayannakos C, Nayyar A, Khan A, Haque S Extracell Vesicles Circ Nucl Acids. 2024; 4(4):599-614.
PMID: 39697806 PMC: 11648450. DOI: 10.20517/evcna.2023.43.
Advances and challenges in the use of liquid biopsy in gynaecological oncology.
Zhang Y, Tian L Heliyon. 2024; 10(20):e39148.
PMID: 39492906 PMC: 11530831. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39148.
Duval C, Wyse B, Tsang B, Librach C J Ovarian Res. 2024; 17(1):160.
PMID: 39103867 PMC: 11302210. DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01480-7.
Belmonte B, Lorenzo G, Mangogna A, Bortot B, Bertolazzi G, Sammataro S Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2024; 22(1):92.
PMID: 39085882 PMC: 11293020. DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01264-0.