Metabolic Activation and DNA Interactions of Carcinogenic -Nitrosamines to Which Humans Are Commonly Exposed

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2022 May 14

PMID 35562949

Authors

YuPeng Li

Stephen S Hecht

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Carcinogenic -nitrosamine contamination in certain drugs has recently caused great concern and the attention of regulatory agencies. These carcinogens-widely detectable in relatively low levels in food, water, cosmetics, and drugs-are well-established and powerful animal carcinogens. The electrophiles resulting from the cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of -nitrosamines can readily react with DNA and form covalent addition products (DNA adducts) that play a central role in carcinogenesis if not repaired. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive and updated review of progress on the metabolic activation and DNA interactions of 10 carcinogenic -nitrosamines to which humans are commonly exposed. Certain DNA adducts such as -methylguanine with established miscoding properties play central roles in the cancer induction process, whereas others have been linked to the high incidence of certain types of cancers. We hope the data summarized here will help researchers gain a better understanding of the bioactivation and DNA interactions of these 10 carcinogenic -nitrosamines and facilitate further research on their toxicologic and carcinogenic properties.

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