Relationship Between the Serum GDF-15 Concentration and Muscle Function in Female Patients Receiving Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR, SAVR): Comparison with Healthy Elderly Female Subjects

Overview

Journal Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc

Date 2022 May 2

PMID 35495578

Authors

Taira Fukuda

Toshiaki Nakajima

Hiroko Yazawa

Suguru Hirose

Jun Yokomachi

Takashi Kato

Riichi Nishikawa

Nobuo Koshiji

Michiaki Tokura

Takahisa Nasuno

Setsu Nishino

Syotaro Obi

Ikuko Shibasaki

Tomoaki Kanaya

Fumitaka Nakamura

Hirotsugu Fukuda

Shichiro Abe

Masashi Sakuma

Shigeru Toyoda

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: Sarcopenia is closely associated with postoperative prognosis in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. Growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15 is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. We examined the relationship between the serum GDF-15 concentration and muscle function in patients receiving aortic valve replacement and healthy elderly subjects.

Methods: Forty-three female patients undergoing aortic valve surgery (79.9 ± 6.4 years; transcatheter aortic valve replacement [TAVR] n = 19, conventional surgical aortic valve replacement [SAVR] n = 24) and 64 healthy elderly female subjects (75.9 ± 6.1 years) were included. Walking speed, grip strength, and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) by a multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer were measured to determine the presence of sarcopenia. Preoperative serum GDF-15 concentration was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: The GDF-15 level was higher in patients receiving aortic valve replacement than in healthy elderly subjects (aortic valve replacement: 1624 ± 1186 pg/mL vs. healthy: 955 ± 368 pg/mL, p < 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the serum GDF-15 level determined grip strength independently of the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level and eGFR, even after adjusting for age (β = -0.318, p = 0.025). Sarcopenia was found in 12.5% of healthy elderly subjects, 83.3% of patients with TAVR, and 64.3% of patients with SAVR. The GDF-15 concentration that defined sarcopenia was 1109 pg/mL in subjects including patients receiving aortic valve replacement.

Conclusions: The preoperative serum GDF-15 concentration, which was higher in female patients receiving aortic valve replacement than in healthy elderly subjects, may be a serum marker of sarcopenia.

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