Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Neoplasm: What Surgeons Want to Know

Overview

Journal Abdom Radiol (NY)

Publisher Springer

Specialties Gastroenterology
Radiology

Date 2022 Mar 21

PMID 35312820

Authors

Akshya Gupta

Meghan G Lubner

Jason B Liu

Elizabeth S Richards

Perry J Pickhardt

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the small bowel are a diverse group of tumors with a broad spectrum of imaging findings and clinical implications. Most tumors originate in close proximity to the ileocecal valve and most commonly metastasize to the mesentery and liver. This review will highlight the imaging findings of primary and metastatic small bowel neuroendocrine neoplasm that are most relevant to the surgical team.

Citing Articles

Surgical planning of small intestine neuroendocrine tumors: the concept of mesenteric tumor deposits.

LHuillier R, Poncet G, Pasquer A, Walter T, Lombard-Bohas C, Hervieu V Endocr Oncol. 2025; 5(1):e240056.

PMID: 39949336 PMC: 11825162. DOI: 10.1530/EO-24-0056.

Surgery as a Principle and Technical Consideration for Primary Tumor Resection of Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Soreide K, Stattner S, Hallet J Ann Surg Oncol. 2023; 31(2):1125-1137.

PMID: 38006527 PMC: 10761444. DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14610-0.

References

Bilimoria K, Bentrem D, Wayne J, Ko C, Bennett C, Talamonti M . Small bowel cancer in the United States: changes in epidemiology, treatment, and survival over the last 20 years. Ann Surg. 2008; 249(1):63-71. DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31818e4641. View

Gonzalez R . Diagnosis and Management of Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Surg Pathol Clin. 2020; 13(3):377-397. DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2020.04.002. View

Hoffmann K, Furukawa M, Jensen R . Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors: Classification, functional syndromes, diagnosis and medical treatment. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2005; 19(5):675-97. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2005.05.009. View

Keck K, Maxwell J, Utria A, Bellizzi A, Dillon J, ODorisio T . The Distal Predilection of Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors. Ann Surg Oncol. 2018; 25(11):3207-3213. PMC: 6525566. DOI: 10.1245/s10434-018-6676-2. View

Nagtegaal I, Odze R, Klimstra D, Paradis V, Rugge M, Schirmacher P . The 2019 WHO classification of tumours of the digestive system. Histopathology. 2019; 76(2):182-188. PMC: 7003895. DOI: 10.1111/his.13975. View

Howe J, Cardona K, Fraker D, Kebebew E, Untch B, Wang Y . The Surgical Management of Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors: Consensus Guidelines of the North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society. Pancreas. 2017; 46(6):715-731. PMC: 5502737. DOI: 10.1097/MPA.0000000000000846. View

Norlen O, Stalberg P, Oberg K, Eriksson J, Hedberg J, Hessman O . Long-term results of surgery for small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors at a tertiary referral center. World J Surg. 2011; 36(6):1419-31. DOI: 10.1007/s00268-011-1296-z. View

Landerholm K, Zar N, Andersson R, Falkmer S, Jarhult J . Survival and prognostic factors in patients with small bowel carcinoid tumour. Br J Surg. 2011; 98(11):1617-24. DOI: 10.1002/bjs.7649. View

Woltering E, Voros B, Beyer D, Wang Y, Thiagarajan R, Ryan P . Aggressive Surgical Approach to the Management of Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Report of 1,000 Surgical Cytoreductions by a Single Institution. J Am Coll Surg. 2017; 224(4):434-447. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.12.032. View

10.

Mayo S, Jong M, Pulitano C, Clary B, Reddy S, Clark Gamblin T . Surgical management of hepatic neuroendocrine tumor metastasis: results from an international multi-institutional analysis. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010; 17(12):3129-36. DOI: 10.1245/s10434-010-1154-5. View

11.

Tierney J, Chivukula S, Wang X, Pappas S, Schadde E, Hertl M . Resection of primary tumor may prolong survival in metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Surgery. 2018; 165(3):644-651. DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2018.09.006. View

12.

Modlin I, Lye K, Kidd M . A 5-decade analysis of 13,715 carcinoid tumors. Cancer. 2003; 97(4):934-59. DOI: 10.1002/cncr.11105. View

13.

Toth-Fejel S, Pommier R . Relationships among delay of diagnosis, extent of disease, and survival in patients with abdominal carcinoid tumors. Am J Surg. 2004; 187(5):575-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2004.01.019. View

14.

Levy A, Sobin L . From the archives of the AFIP: Gastrointestinal carcinoids: imaging features with clinicopathologic comparison. Radiographics. 2007; 27(1):237-57. DOI: 10.1148/rg.271065169. View

15.

Scott A, Howe J . Management of Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2020; 29(2):223-241. DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2019.11.006. View

16.

Modlin I, Oberg K, Chung D, Jensen R, de Herder W, Thakker R . Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. Lancet Oncol. 2008; 9(1):61-72. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(07)70410-2. View

17.

Wolin E, Benson Iii A . Systemic Treatment Options for Carcinoid Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Oncology. 2019; 96(6):273-289. DOI: 10.1159/000499049. View

18.

Di Giacinto P, Rota F, Rizza L, Campana D, Isidori A, Lania A . Chromogranin A: From Laboratory to Clinical Aspects of Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumors. Int J Endocrinol. 2018; 2018:8126087. PMC: 6051263. DOI: 10.1155/2018/8126087. View

19.

Yang X, Yang Y, Li Z, Cheng C, Yang T, Wang C . Diagnostic value of circulating chromogranin a for neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015; 10(4):e0124884. PMC: 4403810. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124884. View

20.

Carling R, Degg T, Allen K, Bax N, Barth J . Evaluation of whole blood serotonin and plasma and urine 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid in diagnosis of carcinoid disease. Ann Clin Biochem. 2003; 39(Pt 6):577-82. DOI: 10.1177/000456320203900605. View