Effect of Time Since Smoking Cessation on Lung Cancer Incidence: An Occupational Cohort With 27 Follow-Up Years

Overview

Journal Front Oncol

Specialty Oncology

Date 2022 Mar 18

PMID 35299746

Authors

Zheng Su

Xin-Hua Jia

Fang-Hui Zhao

Qing-Hua Zhou

Ya-Guang Fan

You-Lin Qiao

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: This special cohort reveals the effect of smoking cessation in occupational miners exposed to radon and arsenic.

Methods: A total of 9,134 tin miners with at least 10 years of underground radon and arsenic exposure were enrolled beginning in 1992 and followed for up to 27 years. Detailed smoking information was collected at baseline, and information on smoking status was consecutively collected from 1992 to 1996. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore the relationship between time since smoking cessation and lung cancer.

Results: A total of 1,324 lung cancer cases occurred in this cohort over 167,776 person-years of follow-up. Among populations exposed to radon and arsenic, miners after quitting smoking for 10 years or more had almost halved their lung cancer risk [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.38-0.79], compared with current smokers. Among miners after quitting smoking for 5 years or more, lung cancer incidence approximately halved (HR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.30-0.92) for squamous cell lung carcinoma, while it showed no significant decline for adenocarcinoma (HR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.34-1.85).

Conclusion: Smoking cessation for 10 years or more halved lung cancer incidence among miners exposed to radon and arsenic, and the benefit was more pronounced among squamous cell lung carcinoma.

Citing Articles

Risk prediction models for lung cancer in people who have never smoked: a protocol of a systematic review.

Issanov A, Aravindakshan A, Puil L, Tammemagi M, Lam S, Dummer T Diagn Progn Res. 2024; 8(1):3.

PMID: 38347647 PMC: 10863273. DOI: 10.1186/s41512-024-00166-4.

Public Attitudes Towards Lung Cancer Screening in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Dairi M, Bahakeem B J Multidiscip Healthc. 2023; 16:2279-2289.

PMID: 37601329 PMC: 10437100. DOI: 10.2147/JMDH.S418296.

Mendelian randomization to explore the direct or mediating associations between socioeconomic status and lung cancer.

Wu H, Yang J, Wang H, Li L Front Oncol. 2023; 13:1143059.

PMID: 37207156 PMC: 10189779. DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1143059.

Synergy of arsenic with smoking in causing cardiovascular disease mortality: A cohort study with 27 follow-up years in China.

Jia X, Su Z, Zhao F, Zhou Q, Fan Y, Qiao Y Front Public Health. 2023; 10:1012267.

PMID: 36589990 PMC: 9795054. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1012267.

References

Tse L, Lin X, Li W, Qiu H, Chan C, Wang F . Smoking cessation sharply reduced lung cancer mortality in a historical cohort of 3185 Chinese silicotic workers from 1981 to 2014. Br J Cancer. 2018; 119(12):1557-1562. PMC: 6288151. DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0292-6. View

Qiao Y, Taylor P, Yao S, Schatzkin A, Mao B, Lubin J . Relation of radon exposure and tobacco use to lung cancer among tin miners in Yunnan Province, China. Am J Ind Med. 1989; 16(5):511-21. DOI: 10.1002/ajim.4700160504. View

Jarup L, Pershagen G . Arsenic exposure, smoking, and lung cancer in smelter workers--a case-control study. Am J Epidemiol. 1991; 134(6):545-51. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116128. View

Su Z, Wei M, Jia X, Fan Y, Zhao F, Zhou Q . Arsenic, tobacco use, and lung cancer: An occupational cohort with 27 follow-up years. Environ Res. 2021; 206:112611. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112611. View

Tse L, Yu I, Qiu H, Au J, Wang X, Tam W . Lung cancer decreased sharply in first 5 years after smoking cessation in Chinese men. J Thorac Oncol. 2011; 6(10):1670-6. DOI: 10.1097/JTO.0b013e3182217bd4. View

Rencher A, Carter M, McKee D . A retrospective epidemiological study of mortality at a large western copper smelter. J Occup Med. 1977; 19(11):754-8. View

Leitzmann M, Koebnick C, Abnet C, Freedman N, Park Y, Hollenbeck A . Prospective study of physical activity and lung cancer by histologic type in current, former, and never smokers. Am J Epidemiol. 2009; 169(5):542-53. PMC: 2727183. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwn371. View

Chen Z, Peto R, Iona A, Guo Y, Chen Y, Bian Z . Emerging tobacco-related cancer risks in China: A nationwide, prospective study of 0.5 million adults. Cancer. 2015; 121 Suppl 17:3097-106. PMC: 4584499. DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29560. View

Crispo A, Brennan P, Jockel K, Schaffrath-Rosario A, Wichmann H, Nyberg F . The cumulative risk of lung cancer among current, ex- and never-smokers in European men. Br J Cancer. 2004; 91(7):1280-6. PMC: 2409903. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602078. View

10.

Qiao Y, Taylor P, Yao S, Erozan Y, Luo X, Barrett M . Risk factors and early detection of lung cancer in a cohort of Chinese tin miners. Ann Epidemiol. 1997; 7(8):533-41. DOI: 10.1016/s1047-2797(97)00115-4. View

11.

Zhang M, Wang L, Li Y, Li X, Jiang Y, Hu N . [Cross-sectional survey on smoking and smoking cessation behaviors among Chinese adults in 2010]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2012; 46(5):404-8. View

12.

Li J, Li W, Bai C, Song Y . Particulate matter-induced epigenetic changes and lung cancer. Clin Respir J. 2015; 11(5):539-546. PMC: 7310573. DOI: 10.1111/crj.12389. View

13.

. Man-made mineral fibres. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 1988; 43:39-171. PMC: 7681615. View

14.

Kreuzer M, Fenske N, Schnelzer M, Walsh L . Lung cancer risk at low radon exposure rates in German uranium miners. Br J Cancer. 2015; 113(9):1367-9. PMC: 4815799. DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.324. View

15.

ENTERLINE P, Marsh G, Esmen N, Henderson V, Callahan C, Paik M . Some effects of cigarette smoking, arsenic, and SO2 on mortality among US copper smelter workers. J Occup Med. 1987; 29(10):831-8. View

16.

. Some drinking-water disinfectants and contaminants, including arsenic. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 2005; 84:1-477. PMC: 7682301. View

17.

Wakai K, Marugame T, Kuriyama S, Sobue T, Tamakoshi A, Satoh H . Decrease in risk of lung cancer death in Japanese men after smoking cessation by age at quitting: pooled analysis of three large-scale cohort studies. Cancer Sci. 2007; 98(4):584-9. PMC: 11158971. DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2007.00423.x. View

18.

Schubauer-Berigan M, Daniels R, Pinkerton L . Radon exposure and mortality among white and American Indian uranium miners: an update of the Colorado Plateau cohort. Am J Epidemiol. 2009; 169(6):718-30. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwn406. View

19.

Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel R, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A . Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021; 71(3):209-249. DOI: 10.3322/caac.21660. View

20.

Taylor P, Qiao Y, Schatzkin A, Yao S, Lubin J, Mao B . Relation of arsenic exposure to lung cancer among tin miners in Yunnan Province, China. Br J Ind Med. 1989; 46(12):881-6. PMC: 1009887. DOI: 10.1136/oem.46.12.881. View