Weighing in on Adipogenesis

Overview

Journal Front Physiol

Date 2022 Mar 14

PMID 35283790

Authors

Elizabeth R Nunn

Abhijit B Shinde

Elma Zaganjor

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Obesity is a growing health concern worldwide because of its contribution to metabolic syndrome, type II diabetes, insulin resistance (IR), and numerous cancers. In obesity, white adipose tissue (WAT) expands through two mechanisms: increase in adipocyte cell number by precursor cell differentiation through the process of adipogenesis (hyperplasia) and increase in existing mature adipocyte cell size (hypertrophy). While hypertrophy is associated with the negative effects of obesity on metabolic health, such as inflammation and lipotoxicity, adipogenesis prevents obesity-mediated metabolic decline. Moreover, in metabolically healthy obesity adipogenesis is increased. Thus, it is vital to understand the mechanistic basis for adipose expansion to inform novel therapeutic approaches to mitigate the dysfunction of this tissue and associated diseases. In this mini-review, we summarize recent studies on the regulation of adipogenesis and provide a perspective on targeting adipogenesis as a potential therapeutic avenue for metabolic disorders.

Citing Articles

Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications-A Narrative Review.

Fuentes-Barria H, Aguilera-Eguia R, Flores-Fernandez C, Angarita-Davila L, Rojas-Gomez D, Alarcon-Rivera M Int J Mol Sci. 2025; 26(5).

PMID: 40076782 PMC: 11900948. DOI: 10.3390/ijms26052153.

Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles as a Drug Delivery System of 3,3'-Diindolylmethane with Potential Antiobesogenic Activity.

Sanchez-Trasvina C, Lorenzo-Anota H, Escobar-Fernandez A, Lezama-Aguilar D, Morales-Martinez A, Velez-Barcelo A ACS Omega. 2024; 9(48):47661-47671.

PMID: 39651090 PMC: 11618424. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c07203.

SMYD3: a new regulator of adipocyte precursor proliferation at the early steps of differentiation.

Sajic T, Ferreira Gomes C, Gasser M, Caputo T, Bararpour N, Landaluce-Iturriria E Int J Obes (Lond). 2023; 48(4):557-566.

PMID: 38148333 PMC: 10978492. DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01450-x.

FoxO1 as a tissue-specific therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes.

Teaney N, Cyr N Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023; 14:1286838.

PMID: 37941908 PMC: 10629996. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1286838.

Dietary Supplementation with 20-Hydroxyecdysone Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis and Reduces White Adipose Tissue Mass in Ovariectomized Rats Fed a High-Fat, High-Fructose Diet.

Buniam J, Chansela P, Weerachayaphorn J, Saengsirisuwan V Biomedicines. 2023; 11(7).

PMID: 37509710 PMC: 10377470. DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072071.

References

Guo J, Ren R, Yao X, Ye Y, Sun K, Lin J . PKM2 suppresses osteogenesis and facilitates adipogenesis by regulating β-catenin signaling and mitochondrial fusion and fission. Aging (Albany NY). 2020; 12(4):3976-3992. PMC: 7066892. DOI: 10.18632/aging.102866. View

Magre J, Delepine M, Khallouf E, Gedde-Dahl Jr T, Van Maldergem L, Sobel E . Identification of the gene altered in Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy on chromosome 11q13. Nat Genet. 2001; 28(4):365-70. DOI: 10.1038/ng585. View

Jang M, Park U, Kim J, Choi H, Um S, Kim E . CACUL1 reciprocally regulates SIRT1 and LSD1 to repress PPARγ and inhibit adipogenesis. Cell Death Dis. 2017; 8(12):3201. PMC: 5870580. DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0070-z. View

Rosen E, MacDougald O . Adipocyte differentiation from the inside out. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2006; 7(12):885-96. DOI: 10.1038/nrm2066. View

Ahmadian M, Suh J, Hah N, Liddle C, Atkins A, Downes M . PPARγ signaling and metabolism: the good, the bad and the future. Nat Med. 2013; 19(5):557-66. PMC: 3870016. DOI: 10.1038/nm.3159. View

Lu C, Ward P, Kapoor G, Rohle D, Turcan S, Abdel-Wahab O . IDH mutation impairs histone demethylation and results in a block to cell differentiation. Nature. 2012; 483(7390):474-8. PMC: 3478770. DOI: 10.1038/nature10860. View

Huang D, Camacho C, Setlem R, Ryu K, Parameswaran B, Gupta R . Functional Interplay between Histone H2B ADP-Ribosylation and Phosphorylation Controls Adipogenesis. Mol Cell. 2020; 79(6):934-949.e14. PMC: 7502539. DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.08.002. View

Shi L, Tu B . Acetyl-CoA and the regulation of metabolism: mechanisms and consequences. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2015; 33:125-31. PMC: 4380630. DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2015.02.003. View

Musri M, Carmona M, Hanzu F, Kaliman P, Gomis R, Parrizas M . Histone demethylase LSD1 regulates adipogenesis. J Biol Chem. 2010; 285(39):30034-41. PMC: 2943311. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M110.151209. View

10.

Madiraju P, Pande S, Prentki M, Murthy Madiraju S . Mitochondrial acetylcarnitine provides acetyl groups for nuclear histone acetylation. Epigenetics. 2009; 4(6):399-403. DOI: 10.4161/epi.4.6.9767. View

11.

Anderson K, Huynh F, Fisher-Wellman K, Stuart J, Peterson B, Douros J . SIRT4 Is a Lysine Deacylase that Controls Leucine Metabolism and Insulin Secretion. Cell Metab. 2017; 25(4):838-855.e15. PMC: 5444661. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.03.003. View

12.

Zhao S, Torres A, Henry R, Trefely S, Wallace M, Lee J . ATP-Citrate Lyase Controls a Glucose-to-Acetate Metabolic Switch. Cell Rep. 2016; 17(4):1037-1052. PMC: 5175409. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.069. View

13.

Wiese M, Bannister A . Two genomes, one cell: Mitochondrial-nuclear coordination via epigenetic pathways. Mol Metab. 2020; 38:100942. PMC: 7300384. DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.01.006. View

14.

Farmer S . Transcriptional control of adipocyte formation. Cell Metab. 2006; 4(4):263-73. PMC: 1958996. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2006.07.001. View

15.

Green C, Wallace M, Divakaruni A, Phillips S, Murphy A, Ciaraldi T . Branched-chain amino acid catabolism fuels adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis. Nat Chem Biol. 2015; 12(1):15-21. PMC: 4684771. DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1961. View

16.

Agarwal A, Arioglu E, de Almeida S, Akkoc N, Taylor S, Bowcock A . AGPAT2 is mutated in congenital generalized lipodystrophy linked to chromosome 9q34. Nat Genet. 2002; 31(1):21-3. DOI: 10.1038/ng880. View

17.

Carriere A, Carmona M, Fernandez Y, Rigoulet M, Wenger R, Penicaud L . Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species control the transcription factor CHOP-10/GADD153 and adipocyte differentiation: a mechanism for hypoxia-dependent effect. J Biol Chem. 2004; 279(39):40462-9. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M407258200. View

18.

Wang Q, Tao C, Jiang L, Shao M, Ye R, Zhu Y . Distinct regulatory mechanisms governing embryonic versus adult adipocyte maturation. Nat Cell Biol. 2015; 17(9):1099-111. PMC: 4553131. DOI: 10.1038/ncb3217. View

19.

Garten A, Schuster S, Kiess W . The insulin-like growth factors in adipogenesis and obesity. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2012; 41(2):283-95, v-vi. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2012.04.011. View

20.

Castro J, Grune T, Speckmann B . The two faces of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in adipocyte function and dysfunction. Biol Chem. 2016; 397(8):709-24. DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2015-0305. View