Exudative Versus Nonexudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Physiopathology and Treatment Options

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2022 Mar 10

PMID 35269743

Authors

Ana Rita Fernandes

Aleksandra Zielinska

Elena Sanchez-Lopez

Tiago Dos Santos

Maria Luisa Garcia

Amelia M Silva

Jacek Karczewski

Eliana B Souto

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an eye disease typically associated with the aging and can be classified into two types-namely, the exudative and the nonexudative AMD. Currently available treatments for exudative AMD use intravitreal injections, which are associated with high risk of infection that can lead to endophthalmitis, while no successful treatments yet exist for the nonexudative form of AMD. In addition to the pharmacologic therapies administered by intravitreal injection already approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in exudative AMD, there are some laser treatments approved that can be used in combination with the pharmacological therapies. In this review, we discuss the latest developments of treatment options for AMD. Relevant literature available from 1993 was used, which included original articles and reviews available in PubMed database and also information collected from Clinical Trials Gov website using "age-related macular degeneration" and "antiangiogenic therapies" as keywords. The clinical trials search was limited to ongoing trials from 2015 to date.

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