Difluoroalkylation of Tertiary Amides and Lactams by an Iridium-Catalyzed Reductive Reformatsky Reaction
Overview
Chemistry
Affiliations
An iridium-catalyzed, reductive alkylation of abundant tertiary lactams and amides using 1-2 mol % of Vaska's complex (IrCl(CO)(PPh)), tetramethyldisiloxane (TMDS), and difluoro-Reformatsky reagents (BrZnCFR) for the general synthesis of medicinally relevant α-difluoroalkylated tertiary amines is described. A broad scope (46 examples), including -aryl- and -heteroaryl-substituted lactams, demonstrated an excellent functional group tolerance. Furthermore, late-stage drug functionalizations, a gram-scale synthesis, and common downstream transformations proved the potential synthetic relevance of this new methodology.
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Feng M, Zhang H, Maulide N Angew Chem Weinheim Bergstr Ger. 2024; 134(49):e202212213.
PMID: 38504998 PMC: 10947092. DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212213.
Xie X, Dong S, Hong K, Huang J, Xu X Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024; 11(14):e2307520.
PMID: 38318687 PMC: 11005710. DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307520.
1,2-Redox Transpositions of Tertiary Amides.
Shennan B, Sanchez-Alonso S, Rossini G, Dixon D J Am Chem Soc. 2023; 145(40):21745-21751.
PMID: 37756523 PMC: 10571086. DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08466.
Fully Automated Flow Protocol for C(sp)-C(sp) Bond Formation from Tertiary Amides and Alkyl Halides.
Pijper B, Martin R, Huertas-Alonso A, Linares M, Lopez E, Llaveria J Org Lett. 2023; 26(14):2724-2728.
PMID: 37219892 PMC: 11020161. DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01390.
Challenges and Breakthroughs in Selective Amide Activation.
Feng M, Zhang H, Maulide N Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2022; 61(49):e202212213.
PMID: 36124856 PMC: 10092240. DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212213.