The Obscure Potential of AHNAK2

Overview

Journal Cancers (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Oncology

Date 2022 Feb 15

PMID 35158796

Authors

Mohamed Zardab

Konstantinos Stasinos

Richard P Grose

Hemant M Kocher

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

AHNAK2 is a protein discovered in 2004, with a strong association with oncogenesis in various epithelial cancers. It has a large 616 kDa tripartite structure and is thought to take part in the formation of large multi-protein complexes. High expression is found in clear cell renal carcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, uveal melanoma, and lung adenocarcinoma, with a relation to poor prognosis. Little work has been done in exploring the function and relation AHNAK2 has with cancer, with early studies showing promising potential as a future biomarker and therapeutic target.

Citing Articles

AHNAK2: a potential diagnostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer related to cellular motility.

Zardab M, Grose R, Kocher H Sci Rep. 2025; 15(1):2934.

PMID: 39849106 PMC: 11757713. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-87337-5.

Identification of a Novel Signature Based on Ferritinophagy-Related Genes to Predict Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Focus on AHNAK2.

Xia L, Ma H Bioengineering (Basel). 2024; 11(11).

PMID: 39593730 PMC: 11591153. DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11111070.

The genomic mosaic of mitochondrial dysfunction: Decoding nuclear and mitochondrial epigenetic contributions to maternally inherited diabetes and deafness pathogenesis.

Donato L, Scimone C, Alibrandi S, Vadala M, Castellucci M, Bonfiglio V Heliyon. 2024; 10(14):e34756.

PMID: 39148984 PMC: 11324998. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34756.

Identification of gemcitabine resistance-related AHNAK2 gene associated with prognosis and immune infiltration in pancreatic cancer.

Ou G, Tian Z, Su M, Yu M, Gong J, Chen Y Heliyon. 2024; 10(13):e33687.

PMID: 39040243 PMC: 11261888. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33687.

AHNAK2 Regulates NF-κB/MMP-9 Signaling to Promote Pancreatic Cancer Progression.

Tang N, Xu R, Jiang B, Zhang H, Wang X, Chen D Biochem Genet. 2024; .

PMID: 38864962 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10844-z.

References

Noon A, Zlotta A . Urothelial Bladder Cancer Urinary Biomarkers. EJIFCC. 2016; 25(1):99-114. PMC: 4975193. View

Renault L, Nassar N, Vetter I, Becker J, Klebe C, Roth M . The 1.7 A crystal structure of the regulator of chromosome condensation (RCC1) reveals a seven-bladed propeller. Nature. 1998; 392(6671):97-101. DOI: 10.1038/32204. View

Klett H, Fuellgraf H, Levit-Zerdoun E, Hussung S, Kowar S, Kusters S . Identification and Validation of a Diagnostic and Prognostic Multi-Gene Biomarker Panel for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Front Genet. 2018; 9:108. PMC: 5895731. DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00108. View

Shuch B, Amin A, Armstrong A, Eble J, Ficarra V, Lopez-Beltran A . Understanding pathologic variants of renal cell carcinoma: distilling therapeutic opportunities from biologic complexity. Eur Urol. 2014; 67(1):85-97. DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.04.029. View

Jonsson M, Ragnum H, Julin C, Yeramian A, Clancy T, Frikstad K . Hypoxia-independent gene expression signature associated with radiosensitisation of prostate cancer cell lines by histone deacetylase inhibition. Br J Cancer. 2016; 115(8):929-939. PMC: 5061908. DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.278. View

Sudo H, Tsuji A, Sugyo A, Abe M, Hino O, Saga T . AHNAK is highly expressed and plays a key role in cell migration and invasion in mesothelioma. Int J Oncol. 2013; 44(2):530-8. DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2183. View

Tamirou F, Arnaud L, Talarico R, Scire C, Alexander T, Amoura Z . Systemic lupus erythematosus: state of the art on clinical practice guidelines. RMD Open. 2018; 4(2):e000793. PMC: 6269635. DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2018-000793. View

Schodel J, Grampp S, Maher E, Moch H, Ratcliffe P, Russo P . Hypoxia, Hypoxia-inducible Transcription Factors, and Renal Cancer. Eur Urol. 2015; 69(4):646-657. PMC: 5012644. DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.08.007. View

Liotti F, Visciano C, Melillo R . Inflammation in thyroid oncogenesis. Am J Cancer Res. 2012; 2(3):286-97. PMC: 3365810. View

10.

Ye R, Liu D, Guan H, Aierken N, Fang Z, Shi Y . AHNAK2 promotes thyroid carcinoma progression by activating the NF-κB pathway. Life Sci. 2021; 286:120032. DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120032. View

11.

Shtivelman E, Cohen F, Bishop J . A human gene (AHNAK) encoding an unusually large protein with a 1.2-microns polyionic rod structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992; 89(12):5472-6. PMC: 49314. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.12.5472. View

12.

Hohaus A, Person V, Behlke J, Schaper J, Morano I, Haase H . The carboxyl-terminal region of ahnak provides a link between cardiac L-type Ca2+ channels and the actin-based cytoskeleton. FASEB J. 2002; 16(10):1205-16. DOI: 10.1096/fj.01-0855com. View

13.

Lee I, Sohn M, Lim H, Yoon S, Oh H, Shin S . Ahnak functions as a tumor suppressor via modulation of TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway. Oncogene. 2014; 33(38):4675-84. PMC: 4180639. DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.69. View

14.

Salim C, Boxberg Y, Alterio J, Fereol S, Nothias F . The giant protein AHNAK involved in morphogenesis and laminin substrate adhesion of myelinating Schwann cells. Glia. 2008; 57(5):535-49. DOI: 10.1002/glia.20782. View

15.

Wang S, Huang S, Sun Y . Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Pancreatic Cancer: A Review. Biomed Res Int. 2018; 2017:2646148. PMC: 5742883. DOI: 10.1155/2017/2646148. View

16.

Bhasin M, Ndebele K, Bucur O, Yee E, Otu H, Plati J . Meta-analysis of transcriptome data identifies a novel 5-gene pancreatic adenocarcinoma classifier. Oncotarget. 2016; 7(17):23263-81. PMC: 5029625. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8139. View

17.

Hashimoto T, Gamou S, Shimizu N, Kitajima Y, Nishikawa T . Regulation of translocation of the desmoyokin/AHNAK protein to the plasma membrane in keratinocytes by protein kinase C. Exp Cell Res. 1995; 217(2):258-66. DOI: 10.1006/excr.1995.1085. View

18.

Melendez-Rodriguez F, Urrutia A, Lorendeau D, Rinaldi G, Roche O, Bogurcu-Seidel N . HIF1α Suppresses Tumor Cell Proliferation through Inhibition of Aspartate Biosynthesis. Cell Rep. 2019; 26(9):2257-2265.e4. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.01.106. View

19.

Kirov A, Kacer D, Conley B, Vary C, Prudovsky I . AHNAK2 Participates in the Stress-Induced Nonclassical FGF1 Secretion Pathway. J Cell Biochem. 2015; 116(8):1522-31. PMC: 4697109. DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25047. View

20.

Tsai J, Yang J . Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in carcinoma metastasis. Genes Dev. 2013; 27(20):2192-206. PMC: 3814640. DOI: 10.1101/gad.225334.113. View