Anatomy, Classification, and Management of Ankle Fractures Involving the Posterior Malleolar Fragment: A Literature Review

Overview

Journal Foot Ankle Orthop

Publisher Sage Publications

Date 2022 Jan 31

PMID 35097350

Authors

Christian Bergman

Matthew Morin

Kevin Lawson

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Level Of Evidence: Level V, expert opinion.

Citing Articles

Design, Simulation and Functional Testing of a Novel Ankle Exoskeleton with 3DOFs.

Sergazin G, Zhetenbayev N, Tursunbayeva G, Uzbekbayev A, Sarina A, Nurgizat Y Sensors (Basel). 2024; 24(19).

PMID: 39409200 PMC: 11479133. DOI: 10.3390/s24196160.

Importance of computed tomography in posterior malleolar fractures: Added information to preoperative X-ray studies.

Marchi Neto N, Nesello P, Bergamasco J, Costa M, Christian R, Severino N World J Orthop. 2024; 14(12):868-877.

PMID: 38173804 PMC: 10758590. DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v14.i12.868.

References

Boardman D, Liu S . Contribution of the anterolateral joint capsule to the mechanical stability of the ankle. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1997; (341):224-32. View

Golano P, Vega J, De Leeuw P, Malagelada F, Manzanares M, Gotzens V . Anatomy of the ankle ligaments: a pictorial essay. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2010; 18(5):557-69. PMC: 2855022. DOI: 10.1007/s00167-010-1100-x. View

Miller A, Carroll E, Parker R, Boraiah S, Helfet D, Lorich D . Direct visualization for syndesmotic stabilization of ankle fractures. Foot Ankle Int. 2009; 30(5):419-26. DOI: 10.3113/FAI-2009-0419. View

Helfet D, Haas N, Schatzker J, Matter P, Moser R, Hanson B . AO philosophy and principles of fracture management-its evolution and evaluation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003; 85(6):1156-60. View

Buchler L, Tannast M, Bonel H, Weber M . Reliability of radiologic assessment of the fracture anatomy at the posterior tibial plafond in malleolar fractures. J Orthop Trauma. 2009; 23(3):208-12. DOI: 10.1097/BOT.0b013e31819b0b23. View

Vidovic D, Elabjer E, Muskardin I, Milosevic M, Bekic M, Bakota B . Posterior fragment in ankle fractures: anteroposterior vs posteroanterior fixation. Injury. 2017; 48 Suppl 5:S65-S69. DOI: 10.1016/S0020-1383(17)30743-X. View

Irwin T, Lien J, Kadakia A . Posterior malleolus fracture. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2013; 21(1):32-40. DOI: 10.5435/JAAOS-21-01-32. View

Raasch W, Larkin J, Draganich L . Assessment of the posterior malleolus as a restraint to posterior subluxation of the ankle. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1992; 74(8):1201-6. View

Boraiah S, Gardner M, Helfet D, Lorich D . High association of posterior malleolus fractures with spiral distal tibial fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008; 466(7):1692-8. PMC: 2505235. DOI: 10.1007/s11999-008-0224-5. View

10.

Verhage S, Schipper I, Hoogendoorn J . Long-term functional and radiographic outcomes in 243 operated ankle fractures. J Foot Ankle Res. 2015; 8:45. PMC: 4548913. DOI: 10.1186/s13047-015-0098-1. View

11.

Regan D, Gould S, Manoli 3rd A, Egol K . Outcomes Over a Decade After Surgery for Unstable Ankle Fracture: Functional Recovery Seen 1 Year Postoperatively Does Not Decay With Time. J Orthop Trauma. 2016; 30(7):e236-41. DOI: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000000571. View

12.

Kukkonen J, Heikkila J, Kyyronen T, Mattila K, Gullichsen E . Posterior malleolar fracture is often associated with spiral tibial diaphyseal fracture: a retrospective study. J Trauma. 2006; 60(5):1058-60. DOI: 10.1097/01.ta.0000196700.74272.10. View

13.

Jung K, Chung C, Park M, Chung M, Lee D, Koo S . Concomitant Ankle Injuries Associated With Tibial Shaft Fractures. Foot Ankle Int. 2015; 36(10):1209-14. DOI: 10.1177/1071100715588381. View

14.

Kempegowda H, Maniar H, Richard R, Tawari A, Jove G, Suk M . Posterior Malleolar Fractures Associated With Tibial Shaft Fractures and Sequence of Fixation. J Orthop Trauma. 2016; 30(10):568-71. DOI: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000000629. View

15.

Mak M, Stern R, Assal M . Repair of syndesmosis injury in ankle fractures: Current state of the art. EFORT Open Rev. 2018; 3(1):24-29. PMC: 5890127. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170017. View

16.

Mitchell P, Harms K, Lee A, Collinge C . Morphology of the Posterior Malleolar Fracture Associated With a Spiral Distal Tibia Fracture. J Orthop Trauma. 2019; 33(4):185-188. DOI: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000001398. View

17.

Macko V, Matthews L, Zwirkoski P, Goldstein S . The joint-contact area of the ankle. The contribution of the posterior malleolus. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1991; 73(3):347-51. View

18.

Bois A, Dust W . Posterior fracture dislocation of the ankle: technique and clinical experience using a posteromedial surgical approach. J Orthop Trauma. 2008; 22(9):629-36. DOI: 10.1097/BOT.0b013e318184ba4e. View

19.

Court-Brown C, Caesar B . Epidemiology of adult fractures: A review. Injury. 2006; 37(8):691-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2006.04.130. View

20.

Solan M, Sakellariou A . Posterior malleolus fractures: worth fixing. Bone Joint J. 2017; 99-B(11):1413-1419. DOI: 10.1302/0301-620X.99B11.BJJ-2017-1072. View