A Case Report of COVID-19 Evoked Cholangitic Liver Abscess

Overview

Journal Egypt Liver J

Date 2022 Jan 17

PMID 35036011

Authors

Omkolsoum Alhaddad

Maha Elsabaawy

Ahmed Edrees

Essam Elshimy

Dalia Elsabaawy

Tarek Mansour

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Lately, the humanity has been being threatened by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The virus-related destructive motives can damage not only the lungs but also the brain, blood vessels, kidneys, and the heart.

Case Presentation: A middle-aged female presented with jaundice post-COVID-19 pneumonia. The patient had past history of cholecystectomy 20 years ago. Both laboratory and imaging data revealed a picture of cholestasis with right lobe liver abscess. Despite drainage and culture-based antibiotics, no improvement ensued. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was done revealing mildly dilated common bile duct (CBD), multiple large stones, mildly dilated central biliary radicals, and an old overlooked stent inside the dilated CBD. Papillotomy and papilloplasty were undertaken followed by stones' extraction with insertion of 2 plastic stents (10 cm× 10 f), and a flow of thick dark bile was inspected. The patient was finally improved and safely discharged.

Conclusion: Herein, we present the first case of long-retained quiescent biliary stent which was over-headed by a cholangitic abscess in the vicinity of COVID pneumonia.

References

Odabasi M, Arslan C, Akbulut S, Abuoglu H, Ozkan E, Yildiz M . Long-term effects of forgotten biliary stents: a case series and literature review. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2014; 7(8):2045-52. PMC: 4161545. View

Barai V, Hedawoo J, Changole S . Forgotten CBD stent (102 months) with stone-stent complex: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2016; 30:162-164. PMC: 5198634. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2016.11.048. View

Desforges M, Le Coupanec A, Dubeau P, Bourgouin A, Lajoie L, Dube M . Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System?. Viruses. 2019; 12(1). PMC: 7020001. DOI: 10.3390/v12010014. View

Jothimani D, Venugopal R, Abedin M, Kaliamoorthy I, Rela M . COVID-19 and the liver. J Hepatol. 2020; 73(5):1231-1240. PMC: 7295524. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.06.006. View

Sugiyama M, Atomi Y . Pyogenic hepatic abscess with biliary communication. Am J Surg. 2002; 183(2):205-8. DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9610(01)00869-8. View

Melquist S, Estepp K, Aleksandrovich Y, Lee A, Beiseker A, Hamedani F . COVID-19 presenting as fulminant hepatic failure: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020; 99(43):e22818. PMC: 7581048. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000022818. View

Chen S, Yen C, Lai K, Tsao S, Cheng K, Chen C . Pyogenic liver abscesses with Escherichia coli: etiology, clinical course, outcome, and prognostic factors. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2006; 117(23-24):809-15. DOI: 10.1007/s00508-005-0481-1. View

Chowbey P, Sharma A, Goswami A, Afaque Y, Najma K, Baijal M . Residual gallbladder stones after cholecystectomy: A literature review. J Minim Access Surg. 2015; 11(4):223-30. PMC: 4640007. DOI: 10.4103/0972-9941.158156. View

Morens D, Taubenberger J, Harvey H, Memoli M . The 1918 influenza pandemic: lessons for 2009 and the future. Crit Care Med. 2010; 38(4 Suppl):e10-20. PMC: 3180813. DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181ceb25b. View

10.

Mackenzie J, Smith D . COVID-19: a novel zoonotic disease caused by a coronavirus from China: what we know and what we don't. Microbiol Aust. 2020; :MA20013. PMC: 7086482. DOI: 10.1071/MA20013. View

11.

Shi S, Zhai Z, Zheng S . Pyogenic Liver Abscess of Biliary Origin: The Existing Problems and Their Strategies. Semin Liver Dis. 2018; 38(3):270-283. DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1661363. View

12.

Yoon J, Kim Y, Kim S . Prognosis of liver abscess with no identified organism. BMC Infect Dis. 2019; 19(1):488. PMC: 6544913. DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4131-z. View

13.

Dietrich A, Alvarez F, Resio N, Mazza O, De Santibanes E, Pekolj J . Laparoscopic management of common bile duct stones: transpapillary stenting or external biliary drainage?. JSLS. 2014; 18(4). PMC: 4254483. DOI: 10.4293/JSLS.2014.00277. View

14.

Engler S, Benz C, Martin W, Riemann J . [Liver abscesses--complications after prosthesis and stent occlusions]. Ultraschall Med. 1998; 18(6):262-6. DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1000439. View

15.

Sepulveda J, Westblade L, Whittier S, Satlin M, Greendyke W, Aaron J . Bacteremia and Blood Culture Utilization during COVID-19 Surge in New York City. J Clin Microbiol. 2020; 58(8). PMC: 7383550. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00875-20. View

16.

Nori P, Cowman K, Chen V, Bartash R, Szymczak W, Madaline T . Bacterial and fungal coinfections in COVID-19 patients hospitalized during the New York City pandemic surge. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2020; 42(1):84-88. PMC: 7417979. DOI: 10.1017/ice.2020.368. View

17.

Cusumano J, Dupper A, Malik Y, Gavioli E, Banga J, Berbel Caban A . Bacteremia in Patients Infected With COVID-19: A Case Series. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2020; 7(11):ofaa518. PMC: 7686656. DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa518. View

18.

Mischnik A, Kern W, Thimme R . [Pyogenic liver abscess: Changes of Organisms and Consequences for Diagnosis and Therapy]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2017; 142(14):1067-1074. DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-100540. View