THE BONE-BRAIN AXIS? BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF ORTHOPEDICS AND A MENTAL WELLBEING ACTION PLAN IN MUSCULOSKELETAL CARE

Objective: The aim: To review the biopsychosocial aspects of psychiatric comorbidity in patients with musculoskeletal conditions and recommend a relevant mental health action plan.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: Keywords (orthopedics, psychiatry, mental health) were used to list down and analyze the literature in PubMed and Google Scholar. All types of articles, including original research, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, along with gray literature dating back to 2000. We excluded studies reporting a significant conflict of interest and findings dispersed through popular media instead of peer-reviewed journals.

Conclusion: Conclusions: The biopsychosocial aspects of the "bone - brain axis" need to be better addressed by means of a pragmatic approach involving all concerned parties and acknowledging the challenges and limitations along the way.