IMPDH1 Retinal Variants Control Filament Architecture to Tune Allosteric Regulation

Overview

Journal Nat Struct Mol Biol

Specialties Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Date 2022 Jan 11

PMID 35013599

Authors

Anika L Burrell

Chuankai Nie

Meerit Said

Jacqueline C Simonet

David Fernandez-Justel

Matthew C Johnson

Joel Quispe

Ruben M Buey

Jeffrey R Peterson

Justin M Kollman

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), a key regulatory enzyme in purine nucleotide biosynthesis, dynamically assembles filaments in response to changes in metabolic demand. Humans have two isoforms: IMPDH2 filaments reduce sensitivity to feedback inhibition, while IMPDH1 assembly remains uncharacterized. IMPDH1 plays a unique role in retinal metabolism, and point mutants cause blindness. Here, in a series of cryogenic-electron microscopy structures we show that human IMPDH1 assembles polymorphic filaments with different assembly interfaces in extended and compressed states. Retina-specific splice variants introduce structural elements that reduce sensitivity to GTP inhibition, including stabilization of the extended filament form. Finally, we show that IMPDH1 disease mutations fall into two classes: one disrupts GTP regulation and the other has no effect on GTP regulation or filament assembly. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the role of IMPDH1 in retinal function and disease and demonstrate the diverse mechanisms by which metabolic enzyme filaments are allosterically regulated.

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