Point-prevalence Surveys of Antimicrobial Consumption and Resistance at a Paediatric and an Adult Tertiary Referral Hospital in Yangon, Myanmar

Overview

Journal Infect Prev Pract

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2022 Jan 10

PMID 35005602

Authors

Win Thandar Oo

Samuel D Carr

Christian S Marchello

Moe Moe San

Aung Tun Oo

Khine Mar Oo

Kay Thi Lwin

Hla Hla Win

John A Crump

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is increasingly prevalent worldwide. The inappropriate use of antimicrobials, including in the hospital setting, is considered a major driver of antimicrobial resistance.

Aim: To inform improvements in antimicrobial stewardship, we undertook point prevalence surveys of antimicrobial prescribing at Yangon Children's Hospital and Yangon General Hospital in Yangon, Myanmar.

Methods: We conducted our surveys using the Global Point-Prevalence Survey of Antimicrobial Consumption and Resistance (Global-PPS) method. All inpatients who were prescribed an antimicrobial on the day of the survey were included in the analysis.

Findings: We evaluated a total of 1,980 patients admitted to two hospitals during December 2019. Of these, 1,255 (63.4%) patients were prescribed a total of 2,108 antimicrobials. Among antimicrobials prescribed, 722 (34.3%) were third-generation cephalosporins, the most commonly prescribed antimicrobial class. A total of 940 (44.6%) antimicrobials were prescribed for community-acquired infection, and 724 (34.3%) for surgical prophylaxis. Of 2,108 antimicrobials, 317 (15.0%) were prescribed for gastrointestinal tract prophylaxis, 305 (14.5%) for skin, soft tissue, bone and joint prophylaxis, and 303 (14.4%) for pneumonia treatment. A stop or review date was documented for 350 (16.6%) antimicrobial prescriptions, 673 (31.9%) antimicrobial prescriptions were guideline compliant, and 1,335 (63.3%) antimicrobials were administered via the parenteral route. Of 1,083 antimicrobials prescribed for a therapeutic use, 221 (20.4%) were targeted therapy.

Conclusion: Our findings underscore the need to update and expand evidence-based guidelines for antimicrobial use, promote the benefits of targeted antimicrobial therapy, and support the implementation of hospital-based antimicrobial stewardship programmes at the hospitals surveyed.

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