The Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Sex Hormones Among Postmenopausal Women in the US

Overview

Journal Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2022 Jan 10

PMID 35002960

Authors

Wen-Yu Chen

Yan-Peng Fu

Wen Zhong

Min Zhou

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Aims: Diet has been found to have an important effect on sex hormones. The effect of diet-induced inflammation on sex hormones has not been studied in detail among women. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) and sex hormones among postmenopausal women.

Methods: This study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2016 waves. A total of 1183 postmenopausal women who provided information on two 24-hour dietary intake recalls, sex hormones including total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2), TT/E2, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free estradiol (FE2) and free testosterone (FT), as well as selected covariates were included. Linear regression and restricted cubic spline evaluated the association between E-DII and sex hormones. Effect modification by body mass index (BMI) and type of menopause was then examined in stratified analysis.

Results: After adjusting for covariates, linear regression showed that E-DII was positively associated with TT (=0.035), FT (=0.026) and TT/E2 (=0.065). TT (-nonlinear = 0.037) and TT/E2 (-nonlinear = 0.035) had significant nonlinear association with E-DII. E2 (-nonlinear = 0.046) and FE2 (-nonlinear = 0.027) depicted a nonlinear U-shaped significant association with E-DII, the two inflection points were found at the E-DII score of -0.22 and 0.07, respectively, the associations in natural menopausal women were more pronounced.

Conclusions: Our study indicates that several indicators of androgen and estrogen were associated with E-DII in postmenopausal women. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms.

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