Association of Genetic Variations in ACE2, TIRAP and Factor X with Outcomes in COVID-19
Overview
Authors
Affiliations
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), can manifest with varying disease severity and mortality. Genetic predisposition influences the clinical course of infectious diseases. We investigated whether genetic polymorphisms in candidate genes ACE2, TIRAP, and factor X are associated with clinical outcomes in COVID-19.
Methods: We conducted a single-centre retrospective cohort study. All patients who visited the emergency department with SARS-CoV-2 infection proven by polymerase chain reaction were included. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in ACE2 (rs2285666), TIRAP (rs8177374) and factor X (rs3211783) were assessed. The outcomes were mortality, respiratory failure and venous thromboembolism. Respiratory failure was defined as the necessity of >5 litres/minute oxygen, high flow nasal oxygen suppletion or mechanical ventilation.
Results: Between March and April 2020, 116 patients (35% female, median age 65 [inter quartile range 55-75] years) were included and treated according to the then applicable guidelines. Sixteen patients (14%) died, 44 patients (38%) had respiratory failure of whom 23 required endotracheal intubation for mechanical ventilation, and 20 patients (17%) developed venous thromboembolism. The percentage of TIRAP polymorphism carriers in the survivor group was 28% as compared to 0% in the non-survivor group (p = 0.01, Bonferroni corrected p = 0.02). Genotype distribution of ACE2 and factor X did not differ between survivors and non-survivors.
Conclusion: This study shows that carriage of TIRAP polymorphism rs8177374 could be associated with a significantly lower mortality in COVID-19. This TIRAP polymorphism may be an important predictor in the outcome of COVID-19.
Meseldzic N, Prnjavorac B, Dujic T, Malenica M, Glamoclija U, Prnjavorac L Croat Med J. 2024; 65(3):220-231.
PMID: 38868968 PMC: 11157263.
Host genetic polymorphisms involved in long-term symptoms of COVID-19.
Udomsinprasert W, Nontawong N, Saengsiwaritt W, Panthan B, Jiaranai P, Thongchompoo N Emerg Microbes Infect. 2023; 12(2):2239952.
PMID: 37497655 PMC: 10392286. DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2239952.
Influence of polymorphic variations of IFNL, HLA, and IL-6 genes in severe cases of COVID-19.
Araujo A, Sgorlon G, Aguiar L, Cidrao M, Teixeira K, Salcedo J Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2023; 248(9):787-797.
PMID: 37452704 PMC: 10350587. DOI: 10.1177/15353702231181343.
Genetics of COVID-19 and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a systematic review.
Tziastoudi M, Cholevas C, Stefanidis I, Theoharides T Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2022; 9(11):1838-1857.
PMID: 36204816 PMC: 9639636. DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51631.
Gupta K, Kaur G, Pathak T, Banerjee I Gene. 2022; 844:146790.
PMID: 35987511 PMC: 9384365. DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146790.