Application of Photoacoustic Imaging for Lymphedema Treatment
Overview
Authors
Affiliations
Background: Lymphatic vessels are difficult to identify using existing modalities as because of their small diameter and the transparency of the lymph fluid flowing through them.
Methods: Here, we introduce photoacoustic lymphangiography (PAL), a new modality widely used for lymphedema treatment, to observe limb lymphatic vessels. The photoacoustic imaging system used in this study can simultaneously visualize lymphatic vessels and veins with a high resolution (0.2 mm) and can also observe their three-dimensional relationship with each other.
Results: High-resolution images of the lymphatic vessels, detailed structure of the dermal back flow, and the three-dimensional positional relationship between the lymphatic vessels and veins were observed by PAL.
Conclusion: The clear image provided by PAL could have a major application in pre- and postoperative use during lymphaticovenular anastomosis for lymphedema treatment.
Visual inertial odometry enabled 3D ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging.
Sankepalle D, Anthony B, Mallidi S Biomed Opt Express. 2023; 14(6):2756-2772.
PMID: 37342691 PMC: 10278605. DOI: 10.1364/BOE.489614.