The Genes for Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-alpha) and Lymphotoxin (TNF-beta) Are Tandemly Arranged on Chromosome 17 of the Mouse

Overview

Journal Nucleic Acids Res

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 1986 Oct 10

PMID 3490653

Citations 22

Authors

S A Nedospasov

B Hirt

A N Shakhov

V N Dobrynin

E Kawashima

R S Accolla

C V Jongeneel

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

We have isolated clones containing the gene for tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) from a mouse genomic library. Four out of five clones containing the TNF-alpha gene also hybridized to a human lymphotoxin (TNF-beta) probe. We constructed a restriction enzyme cleavage map of a 6.4 kb region from one of the genomic clones. From partial sequencing data and hybridizations with exon-specific oligonucleotide probes, we conclude that this region contains the mouse TNF-alpha and TNF-beta genes in a tandem arrangement, that they are separated by only about 1100 bases, and that their intron-exon structure is very similar to that seen in man. We probed genomic blots of DNA from human/mouse hybrids containing single mouse chromosomes for the presence of the mouse TNF genes. The results show that the genes are located on mouse chromosome 17, which also contains the major histocompatibility complex. Therefore, both the mouse and the human TNF genes are tandemly arranged and located on the same chromosome as the MHC.

Citing Articles

Epigenetic control of cytokine gene expression: regulation of the TNF/LT locus and T helper cell differentiation.

Falvo J, Jasenosky L, Kruidenier L, Goldfeld A Adv Immunol. 2013; 118:37-128.

PMID: 23683942 PMC: 4118600. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-407708-9.00002-9.

Activation-dependent intrachromosomal interactions formed by the TNF gene promoter and two distal enhancers.

Tsytsykova A, Rajsbaum R, Falvo J, Ligeiro F, Neely S, Goldfeld A Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007; 104(43):16850-5.

PMID: 17940009 PMC: 2040403. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0708210104.

Redundancy in tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and lymphotoxin (LT) signaling in vivo: mice with inactivation of the entire TNF/LT locus versus single-knockout mice.

Kuprash D, Alimzhanov M, Tumanov A, Grivennikov S, Shakhov A, Drutskaya L Mol Cell Biol. 2002; 22(24):8626-34.

PMID: 12446781 PMC: 139867. DOI: 10.1128/MCB.22.24.8626-8634.2002.

Challenging cytokine redundancy: inflammatory cell movement and clinical course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis are normal in lymphotoxin-deficient, but not tumor necrosis factor-deficient, mice.

Riminton D, Korner H, Strickland D, Lemckert F, Pollard J, Sedgwick J J Exp Med. 1998; 187(9):1517-28.

PMID: 9565643 PMC: 2212266. DOI: 10.1084/jem.187.9.1517.

Abnormal development of secondary lymphoid tissues in lymphotoxin beta-deficient mice.

Alimzhanov M, Kuprash D, Kosco-Vilbois M, Luz A, Turetskaya R, Tarakhovsky A Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997; 94(17):9302-7.

PMID: 9256477 PMC: 23168. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.17.9302.

References

Weiss E, Golden L, Zakut R, Mellor A, Fahrner K, Kvist S . The DNA sequence of the H-2kb gene: evidence for gene conversion as a mechanism for the generation of polymorphism in histocompatibilty antigens. EMBO J. 1983; 2(3):453-62. PMC: 555154. DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1983.tb01444.x. View

Schmid D, Tite J, Ruddle N . DNA fragmentation: manifestation of target cell destruction mediated by cytotoxic T-cell lines, lymphotoxin-secreting helper T-cell clones, and cell-free lymphotoxin-containing supernatant. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986; 83(6):1881-5. PMC: 323188. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.83.6.1881. View

Shacks S, Chiller J, GRANGER G . Studies on in vitro models of cellular immunity: the role of T and B cells in the secretion of lymphotoxin. Cell Immunol. 1973; 7(2):313-21. DOI: 10.1016/0008-8749(73)90253-0. View

CARSWELL E, Old L, Kassel R, Green S, Fiore N, Williamson B . An endotoxin-induced serum factor that causes necrosis of tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975; 72(9):3666-70. PMC: 433057. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.72.9.3666. View

SANGER F, Nicklen S, Coulson A . DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977; 74(12):5463-7. PMC: 431765. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. View

Kull Jr F, Cuatrecasas P . Preliminary characterization of the tumor cell cytotoxin in tumor necrosis serum. J Immunol. 1981; 126(4):1279-83. View

McMaster G, Beard P, Engers H, Hirt B . Characterization of an immunosuppressive parvovirus related to the minute virus of mice. J Virol. 1981; 38(1):317-26. PMC: 171154. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.38.1.317-326.1981. View

Georgiev G, Ilyin Y, Chmeliauskaite V, Ryskov A, Kramerov D, Skryabin K . Mobile dispersed genetic elements and other middle repetitive DNA sequences in the genomes of Drosophila and mouse: transcription and biological significance. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1981; 45 Pt 2:641-54. DOI: 10.1101/sqb.1981.045.01.082. View

Fransen L, Muller R, Marmenout A, Tavernier J, Van der Heyden J, Kawashima E . Molecular cloning of mouse tumour necrosis factor cDNA and its eukaryotic expression. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985; 13(12):4417-29. PMC: 321797. DOI: 10.1093/nar/13.12.4417. View

10.

Beutler B, Cerami A . Cachectin and tumour necrosis factor as two sides of the same biological coin. Nature. 1986; 320(6063):584-8. DOI: 10.1038/320584a0. View

11.

Beutler B, Krochin N, Milsark I, Luedke C, Cerami A . Control of cachectin (tumor necrosis factor) synthesis: mechanisms of endotoxin resistance. Science. 1986; 232(4753):977-80. DOI: 10.1126/science.3754653. View

12.

Ito H, Yamamoto S, Kuroda S, Sakamoto H, Kajihara J, Kiyota T . Molecular cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of the cDNA coding for rabbit tumor necrosis factor. DNA. 1986; 5(2):149-56. DOI: 10.1089/dna.1986.5.149. View

13.

Ito H, Shirai T, Yamamoto S, Akira M, Kawahara S, Todd C . Molecular cloning of the gene encoding rabbit tumor necrosis factor. DNA. 1986; 5(2):157-65. DOI: 10.1089/dna.1986.5.157. View

14.

Nawroth P, Bank I, Handley D, Cassimeris J, Chess L, Stern D . Tumor necrosis factor/cachectin interacts with endothelial cell receptors to induce release of interleukin 1. J Exp Med. 1986; 163(6):1363-75. PMC: 2188127. DOI: 10.1084/jem.163.6.1363. View

15.

Accolla R, Scarpellino L, Maffei A, Carra G, Guardiola J . aIr-1, a newly found locus on mouse chromosome 16 encoding a trans-acting activator factor for MHC class II gene expression. J Exp Med. 1986; 164(1):369-74. PMC: 2188193. DOI: 10.1084/jem.164.1.369. View

16.

Butler E, CHAMBERLIN M . Bacteriophage SP6-specific RNA polymerase. I. Isolation and characterization of the enzyme. J Biol Chem. 1982; 257(10):5772-8. View

17.

Barnes W, Bevan M, Son P . Kilo-sequencing: creation of an ordered nest of asymmetric deletions across a large target sequence carried on phage M13. Methods Enzymol. 1983; 101:98-122. DOI: 10.1016/0076-6879(83)01008-3. View

18.

Duke R, Chervenak R, Cohen J . Endogenous endonuclease-induced DNA fragmentation: an early event in cell-mediated cytolysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983; 80(20):6361-5. PMC: 394297. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.80.20.6361. View

19.

Frischauf A, Lehrach H, Poustka A, Murray N . Lambda replacement vectors carrying polylinker sequences. J Mol Biol. 1983; 170(4):827-42. DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2836(83)80190-9. View

20.

Leopardi E, Rosenau W . Production of alpha-lymphotoxin by human T-cell subsets. Cell Immunol. 1984; 83(1):73-82. DOI: 10.1016/0008-8749(84)90226-0. View