Fasting and Refeeding Affect the Goose Liver Transcriptome Mainly Through the PPAR Signaling Pathway

Overview

Journal J Poult Sci

Date 2021 Dec 13

PMID 34899020

Citations 8

Authors

Zhenzhen Chen

Ya Xing

Xue Fan

Tongjun Liu

Minmeng Zhao

Long Liu

Xuming Hu

Hengmi Cui

Tuoyu Geng

Daoqing Gong

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Nutrition and energy are essential for poultry growth and production performance. Fasting and refeeding have been widely used to study the effects of nutrition, energy, and related mechanisms in chicken. Previous studies have shown that geese have a strong capacity for fat synthesis and storage; thus, changes in the goose liver transcriptome may be different from those in chicken assessed with a model of fasting and refeeding. However, the responses of the goose liver transcriptome to fasting and refeeding have not yet been addressed. In this study, 36 70-day-old Si Ji geese with similar body weight were randomly assigned to three groups: control ( feeding), fasting (fasted for 24 h), and refeeding (fast for 24 h followed by 2-h feeding) groups. After treatment, eight geese per group were sacrificed for sample collection. Liver samples from four geese in each group were subjected to transcriptome analysis, followed by validation of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using quantitative polymerase chain reaction with the remaining samples. As a result, 155 DEGs (73 up-regulated) were identified between the control and fasting groups, and 651 DEGs (321 up-regulated) were identified between the fasting and refeeding groups. The enrichment analyses of Gene Ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways showed that fasting mainly influenced material metabolism in the liver, especially lipid metabolism; in contrast, refeeding affected not only lipid metabolism but also glucose and amino acid metabolism. In addition, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway may play an important role in lipid metabolism. In conclusion, fasting and refeeding have a strong effect on lipid metabolism in the goose liver; specifically, fasting promotes fatty acid oxidation and inhibits fatty acid synthesis, and refeeding has the opposite effect. The model of fasting and refeeding is suitable for goose nutrition studies.

Citing Articles

Impact of fasting and refeeding on immune markers, hepatic gene expression, and gut microbiota in geese: insights into metabolic regulation and gut-liver interactions.

Liu Y, Li G, Wang X, Jia H, Dai J, Chen S Front Microbiol. 2025; 16:1498460.

PMID: 40041863 PMC: 11877903. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1498460.

Investigating the Impact of Fasting and Refeeding on Blood Biochemical Indicators and Transcriptional Profiles in the Hypothalamus and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Geese.

Liu Y, Wang X, Li G, Chen S, Jia H, Dai J Animals (Basel). 2024; 14(18).

PMID: 39335335 PMC: 11428393. DOI: 10.3390/ani14182746.

Molecular Mechanisms of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Interactions in the Regulation of Goose Liver Development.

Liu S, Li C, Hu X, Mao H, Liu S, Chen B Animals (Basel). 2024; 14(6).

PMID: 38539937 PMC: 10967295. DOI: 10.3390/ani14060839.

Genome-Wide Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Mechanisms Underlying Hepatic Metabolism under Different Raising Systems in Yak.

Zhang M, Zha X, Ma X, La Y, Guo X, Chu M Animals (Basel). 2024; 14(5).

PMID: 38473080 PMC: 10930694. DOI: 10.3390/ani14050695.

Liver Transcriptome Profiling Identifies Key Genes Related to Lipid Metabolism in Yili Geese.

Dong H, Zhang J, Li Y, Ahmad H, Li T, Liang Q Animals (Basel). 2023; 13(22).

PMID: 38003091 PMC: 10668734. DOI: 10.3390/ani13223473.

References

Morais S, Knoll-Gellida A, Andre M, Barthe C, Babin P . Conserved expression of alternative splicing variants of peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase 1 in vertebrates and developmental and nutritional regulation in fish. Physiol Genomics. 2006; 28(3):239-52. DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00136.2006. View

Ji B, Ernest B, Gooding J, Das S, Saxton A, Simon J . Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling of chicken adipose tissue in response to insulin neutralization and fasting. BMC Genomics. 2012; 13:441. PMC: 3503602. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-441. View

Shchelkunova T, Morozov I, Rubtsov P, Bobryshev Y, Sobenin I, Orekhov A . Lipid regulators during atherogenesis: expression of LXR, PPAR, and SREBP mRNA in the human aorta. PLoS One. 2013; 8(5):e63374. PMC: 3662660. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063374. View

Yeh S, Leveille G . Significance of skin as a site of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis in the chick. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1973; 142(1):115-9. DOI: 10.3181/00379727-142-36970. View

Li Q, Li J, Lan H, Wang N, Hu X, Chen L . Effects of fasting and refeeding on expression of MAFbx and MuRF1 in chick skeletal muscle. Sci China Life Sci. 2011; 54(10):904-7. DOI: 10.1007/s11427-011-4226-2. View

Cogburn L, Trakooljul N, Wang X, Ellestad L, Porter T . Transcriptome analyses of liver in newly-hatched chicks during the metabolic perturbation of fasting and re-feeding reveals THRSPA as the key lipogenic transcription factor. BMC Genomics. 2020; 21(1):109. PMC: 6995218. DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6525-0. View

Wang Y, Buyse J, Courousse N, Tesseraud S, Metayer-Coustard S, Berri C . Effects of sex and fasting/refeeding on hepatic AMPK signaling in chickens (Gallus gallus). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2019; 240:110606. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.110606. View

Desert C, Duclos M, Blavy P, Lecerf F, Moreews F, Klopp C . Transcriptome profiling of the feeding-to-fasting transition in chicken liver. BMC Genomics. 2008; 9:611. PMC: 2628918. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-9-611. View

Streba L, Carstea D, Mitrut P, Vere C, Dragomir N, Streba C . Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome: a concise review. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2008; 49(1):13-20. View

10.

Leveille G, Romsos D, Yeh Y, OHea E . Lipid biosynthesis in the chick. A consideration of site of synthesis, influence of diet and possible regulatory mechanisms. Poult Sci. 1975; 54(4):1075-93. DOI: 10.3382/ps.0541075. View

11.

Rakhshandehroo M, Sanderson L, Matilainen M, Stienstra R, Carlberg C, de Groot P . Comprehensive analysis of PPARalpha-dependent regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism by expression profiling. PPAR Res. 2008; 2007:26839. PMC: 2233741. DOI: 10.1155/2007/26839. View

12.

Fujita S, Yamaguchi M, Hiramoto D, Saneyasu T, Honda K, Kamisoyama H . Effects of Fasting and Refeeding on the mRNA levels of Insulin-like Growth Factor-binding Proteins in Chick Liver and Brain. J Poult Sci. 2020; 55(4):269-273. PMC: 6756412. DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0180005. View

13.

Brandt J, Djouadi F, Kelly D . Fatty acids activate transcription of the muscle carnitine palmitoyltransferase I gene in cardiac myocytes via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. J Biol Chem. 1998; 273(37):23786-92. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.37.23786. View

14.

OHea E, Leveille G . Lipid biosynthesis and transport in the domestic chick (Gallus domesticus). Comp Biochem Physiol. 1969; 30(1):149-59. DOI: 10.1016/0010-406x(69)91309-7. View

15.

Liu L, Zhao X, Wang Q, Sun X, Xia L, Wang Q . Prosteatotic and Protective Components in a Unique Model of Fatty Liver: Gut Microbiota and Suppressed Complement System. Sci Rep. 2016; 6:31763. PMC: 4994046. DOI: 10.1038/srep31763. View

16.

. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2013; 37 Suppl 1:S81-90. DOI: 10.2337/dc14-S081. View

17.

Fournier E, Peresson R, Guy G, Hermier D . Relationships between storage and secretion of hepatic lipids in two breeds of geese with different susceptibility to liver steatosis. Poult Sci. 1997; 76(4):599-607. DOI: 10.1093/ps/76.4.599. View

18.

Buzzetti E, Pinzani M, Tsochatzis E . The multiple-hit pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Metabolism. 2016; 65(8):1038-48. DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2015.12.012. View

19.

Navidshad B, Royan M . Ligands and Regulatory Modes of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ) in Avians. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr. 2015; 25(4):287-92. DOI: 10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2015015272. View

20.

GOODRIDGE A . Metabolism of glucose-U-14C in vitro in adipose tissue from embryonic and growing chicks. Am J Physiol. 1968; 214(4):897-901. DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1968.214.4.897. View