Prevalence of Healed Plaque and Factors Influencing Its Characteristics Under Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression

Overview

Journal Front Cardiovasc Med

Specialty Cardiology & Vascular Diseases

Date 2021 Dec 9

PMID 34881310

Citations 4

Authors

Xunxun Feng

Yang Liu

JiaQi Yang

Guangyao Zhai

Yujie Zhou

Qianyun Guo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of healed plaque and its characteristics under optical coherence tomography (OCT) through a formal systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Thirteen studies were selected from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and online databases. The overall incidence of healed plaques was 40% (95% CI: 39-42), with 37% (95% CI: 35-39) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and with 46% (95% CI: 43-49) in patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP). The incidence of healed plaque among culprit plaques (48%, 95% CI: 46-50) was nearly two times higher than that among non-culprit plaques (24%, 95% CI: 21-27). The incidence of thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA), plaque rupture, microvessel, macrophage accumulation, and calcification was significantly higher in the healed plaque group. Meta-regression revealed an association between smoking ( = 0.033) and healed plaque rupture. Gender ( = 0.047) was independently associated with macrophage accumulation, and mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was independently associated with microvessel. In summary, with a total incidence of 40%, the incidence of healed plaques under OCT was higher in SAP than in ACS, and higher in culprit plaques than in non-culprit plaques. Higher incidence of TCFA, plaque rupture, microvessel, macrophage accumulation, and calcification was found in the healed-plaque group. Smoking, gender, and mean LDL-C level were associated with healed-plaque characteristics.

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