Origin and Dissemination of Altered El Tor Vibrio Cholerae O1 Causing Cholera in Odisha, India: Two and Half Decade's View

Overview

Journal Front Microbiol

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2021 Dec 6

PMID 34867883

Citations 1

Authors

Bibhuti Bhusan Pal

Dipti Ranjan Behera

Smruti Ranjan Nayak

Ashish Kumar Nayak

Affiliations

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Abstract

The origin, spread and molecular epidemiology of altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 strains isolated from cholera outbreaks/surveillance studies between 1995 and 2019 from different district of Odisha were analyzed. The stock cultures of V. cholerae O1 strains from 1995 to 2019 were analyzed through molecular analysis using different PCR assays and pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. The spread map (month, year and place) was constructed to locate the dissemination of altered El Tor variants of V. cholerae O1 in this region. A total of 13 cholera outbreaks were caused by V. cholerae O1 Ogawa biotype El Tor carrying ctxB1 and ctxB7 genotypes. The ctxB1 alleles of V. cholerae O1 mostly confined to the coastal areas, whereas the ctxB7 genotypes, though originating in the coastal region of Odisha, concentrated more in the tribal areas. The positive correlation between virulence-associated genes (VAGs) was found through Pearson's correlation model, indicative of a stronger association between the VAGs. The clonal relationship through PFGE between ctxB1 and ctxB7 genotypes of V. cholerae O1 strains exhibited 80% similarity indicating single- or multi-clonal evolution. It is evident from this study that the spread of multidrug-resistant V. cholerae O1-altered El Tor was dominant over the prototype El Tor strains in this region. The origin of altered El Tor variants of V. cholerae O1 occurred in the East Coast of Odisha established that the origin of cholera happened in the Gangetic belts of Bay of Bengal where all new variants of V. cholerae O1 might have originated from the Asian countries.

Citing Articles

Genomic insights into the dynamic antibiotic resistance landscape of Vibrio cholerae during the Cholera outbreak 2022 in Odisha, India.

Samal D, Turuk J, Nayak S, Pany S, Pal B, Pati S Sci Rep. 2025; 15(1):1503.

PMID: 39789042 PMC: 11718308. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-81596-4.

Spectrum of ctxB genotypes, antibiogram profiles and virulence genes of Vibrio cholerae serogroups isolated from environmental water sources from Odisha, India.

Pal B, Samal D, Nayak S, Pany S BMC Microbiol. 2023; 23(1):75.

PMID: 36927368 PMC: 10018994. DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02811-2.

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