Effect of Breastfeeding on Children's Health and Its Relationship to NRAMP1 Expression: A Cross-sectional Study

Overview

Journal Ann Med Surg (Lond)

Publisher Wolters Kluwer

Specialty Medical Education

Date 2021 Nov 29

PMID 34840765

Citations 7

Authors

Fatimah

Muhammad Nasrum Massi

A Dwi Bahagia Febriani

Mochammad Hatta

Tria Astika Endah Permatasari

Elli Hidayati

Hamidah

Mohammad Adib Khumaidi

Risky Akaputra

Hirfa Turrahmi

Rinda Putri Anggraini

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Toddlers with exclusive breastfeeding can increase immunity in preventing infectious diseases such as Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (ARI). The body's resistance to disease is controlled by Natural Resistance-Associated Macrophage Protein 1 (NRAMP1). NRAMP1 contributes to the pathophysiology of several intercellular infections, including ARI. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of breastfeeding on children's health and its relationship to NRAMP1 expression. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 124 toddlers in October 2020-June 2021. Toddlers were selected purposively from three Community Health Centers in Central Jakarta. The first group (n = 62) was exclusive breastfeeding and the second group (n = 62) was not exclusive breastfeeding. The characteristics of mothers and toddlers were collected using a structured questionnaire supported by medical record data. Meanwhile, NRAMP1 expression and NRAMP1 protein levels were obtained from the examination of blood samples. Examination of NRAMP1 gene mRNA expression by real-time PCR method and serum NRAMP1 protein levels by ELISA method. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression. The results obtained that the average mRNA expression of NRAMP1 gene and protein levels of NRAMP1 in infants who were not exclusive breastfeeding were 6.88 fold change (FC) and 315.02 pg/ml compared to those who received exclusive breastfeeding of 11.36 FC and 1087.74 pg./ml. Parity, immunization history, exclusive breastfeeding, and frequency of ARI were significantly associated with NRAMP1 gene mRNA expression and NRAMP1 protein levels (P < 0.05). Maternal and under-five age, gender, and nutritional status were not significantly related (P > 0.05). Exclusive breastfeeding was the dominant factor influencing NRAMP1 gene mRNA expression (OR: 4268) and NRAMP1 protein content (OR: 737,362). Antibodies obtained from exclusive breastfeeding in synergy with the NRAMP1 gene form the body's immunity in infants suffering from ARI.

Citing Articles

Analyzing the Responses of Enteric Bacteria to Neonatal Intensive Care Supplements.

Waller M, Eichhorn C, Gutierrez A, Baatz J, Wagner C, Chetta K Int J Microbiol. 2024; 2024:3840327.

PMID: 39220439 PMC: 11364479. DOI: 10.1155/2024/3840327.

HbpA from Glaesserella parasuis induces an inflammatory response in 3D4/21 cells by activating the MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathways and protects mice against G. parasuis when used as an immunogen.

Yang Z, Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Du S, Huang X, Wu R Vet Res. 2024; 55(1):93.

PMID: 39075605 PMC: 11285476. DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01344-4.

Asthma and Other Respiratory Diseases of Children in Relation to Personal Behavior, Household, Parental and Environmental Factors in West China.

Cao C, Wang Y, Peng L, Wu W, Yang H, Li Z Toxics. 2023; 11(12).

PMID: 38133365 PMC: 10747494. DOI: 10.3390/toxics11120964.

Analysis of natural resistance-associated macrophage protein-1 (NRAMP-1) level based on death, comorbidities and severity of COVID-19 patients: a cross-sectional study.

Dwiyanti R, Muthaher A, Achmad D, Arsyadi G, Nelwan B, Cangara M Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2023; 85(6):2587-2591.

PMID: 37363504 PMC: 10289594. DOI: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000000830.

Assessment of undernutrition using the composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) and its determinants: A cross-sectional study in the rural area of the Bogor District in Indonesia.

Permatasari T, Chadirin Y BMC Nutr. 2022; 8(1):133.

PMID: 36384860 PMC: 9666932. DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00627-3.

References

Radzioch D, Kramnik I, Skamene E . Molecular mechanisms of natural resistance to mycobacterial infections. Circ Shock. 1994; 44(3):115-20. View

Tommy T, Islam A, Hatta M, Bukhari A, Nasrullah , Adhimarta W . Effect of folinic acid on serum homocysteine, TNFα, IL-10, and HMGB1 gene expression in head injury model. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021; 65:102273. PMC: 8100092. DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102273. View

Permatasari T, Sudiartini N . Do Health Workers Play a Role in Exclusive Breastfeeding among Working Mothers in Industrial Area?. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2021; 66(Supplement):S94-S98. DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.66.S94. View

Farsida , Shabariah R, Hatta M, Patellongi I, Prihantono , Massi M . Relationship between expression mRNA gene Treg, Treg, CD4, and CD8 protein levels with TST in tuberculosis children: A nested case-control. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021; 61:44-47. PMC: 7770507. DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.12.011. View

Wardani I, Hatta M, Mubin R, Bukhari A, Mulyanto , Massi M . Serum vitamin D receptor and High Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB1) levels in HIV-infected patients with different immunodeficiency status: A cross-sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021; 63:102174. PMC: 7900012. DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.02.020. View

Meilang Q, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Tian C, Huang J . Polymorphisms in the SLC11A1 gene and tuberculosis risk: a meta-analysis update. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2012; 16(4):437-46. DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.10.0743. View

Ben-Selma W, Harizi H, Letaief M, Boukadida J . Age- and gender-specific effects on NRAMP1 gene polymorphisms and risk of the development of active tuberculosis in Tunisian populations. Int J Infect Dis. 2012; 16(7):e543-50. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2011.11.016. View

Oktaria V, Lee K, Bines J, Watts E, Satria C, Atthobari J . Nutritional status, exclusive breastfeeding and management of acute respiratory illness and diarrhea in the first 6 months of life in infants from two regions of Indonesia. BMC Pediatr. 2017; 17(1):211. PMC: 5740930. DOI: 10.1186/s12887-017-0966-x. View

Badawy A, Yahya R, Awad S, Al-Sawah G, Kizilbash N . Relationship between NRAMP1 gene polymorphism and efficacy of BCG vaccine in a helminth-infected population. Genet Mol Res. 2013; 12(3):3048-56. DOI: 10.4238/2013.January.30.4. View

10.

Agustin H, Massi M, Djaharuddin I, Susanto A, Islam A, Hatta M . Analysis of CD4 and CD8 expression in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis infection with diabetes mellitus: An experimental study in mice. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021; 68:102596. PMC: 8350178. DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102596. View

11.

Karnina R, Arif S, Hatta M, Bukhari A, Natzir R, Hisbullah . Systemic lidocaine administration influences NF-kβ gene expression, NF-kβ and TNF- α protein levels on BALB/c mice with musculoskeletal injury. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021; 69:102660. PMC: 8365316. DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102660. View

12.

Cacho N, Lawrence R . Innate Immunity and Breast Milk. Front Immunol. 2017; 8:584. PMC: 5447027. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00584. View

13.

Permatasari T, Rizqiya F, Kusumaningati W, Suryaalamsah I, Hermiwahyoeni Z . The effect of nutrition and reproductive health education of pregnant women in Indonesia using quasi experimental study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021; 21(1):180. PMC: 7934425. DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-03676-x. View

14.

Malik S, Abel L, Tooker H, Poon A, Simkin L, Girard M . Alleles of the NRAMP1 gene are risk factors for pediatric tuberculosis disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005; 102(34):12183-8. PMC: 1189316. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0503368102. View

15.

Ottenhoff T, Verreck F, Lichtenauer-Kaligis E, Hoeve M, Sanal O, van Dissel J . Genetics, cytokines and human infectious disease: lessons from weakly pathogenic mycobacteria and salmonellae. Nat Genet. 2002; 32(1):97-105. DOI: 10.1038/ng0902-97. View

16.

Gruenheid S, Pinner E, Desjardins M, Gros P . Natural resistance to infection with intracellular pathogens: the Nramp1 protein is recruited to the membrane of the phagosome. J Exp Med. 1997; 185(4):717-30. PMC: 2196151. DOI: 10.1084/jem.185.4.717. View

17.

Farsida , Hatta M, Patellongi I, Prihantono , Shabariyah R, Larasati Laras R . The correlation of Foxp3 + gene and regulatory T cells with scar BCG formation among children with Tuberculosis. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis. 2020; 21:100202. PMC: 7725952. DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2020.100202. View

18.

Fernandez-Mestre M, Villasmil A, Takiff H, Alcala Z . NRAMP1 and VDR Gene Polymorphisms in Susceptibility to Tuberculosis in Venezuelan Population. Dis Markers. 2015; 2015:860628. PMC: 4633561. DOI: 10.1155/2015/860628. View

19.

Khan J, Vesel L, Bahl R, Martines J . Timing of breastfeeding initiation and exclusivity of breastfeeding during the first month of life: effects on neonatal mortality and morbidity--a systematic review and meta-analysis. Matern Child Health J. 2014; 19(3):468-79. DOI: 10.1007/s10995-014-1526-8. View

20.

Agha R, Abdall-Razak A, Crossley E, Dowlut N, Iosifidis C, Mathew G . STROCSS 2019 Guideline: Strengthening the reporting of cohort studies in surgery. Int J Surg. 2019; 72:156-165. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.11.002. View