Which Milk During the Second Year of Life: A Personalized Choice for a Healthy Future?

Overview

Journal Nutrients

Date 2021 Oct 23

PMID 34684413

Citations 7

Authors

Elvira Verduci

Elisabetta Di Profio

Antonio Corsello

Lorenzo Scatigno

Giulia Fiore

Alessandra Bosetti

Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Nutrition in early life is a crucial element to provide all essential substrates for growth. Although this statement may appear obvious, several studies have shown how the intake of micro and macronutrients in toddlers differs a lot from the recommendations of scientific societies. Protein intake often exceeds the recommended amount, while the intake of iron and zinc is frequently insufficient, as well as Vitamin D. Nutritional errors in the first years of life can negatively impact the health of the child in the long term. To date, no clear evidence on which milk is suggested during the second year of life is yet to be established. In this study, we compare the nutrient profiles of cow's milk and specific formulas as well as nutritional risks in toddlers linked to growth and childhood obesity development. The purpose of this review is to resume the latest clinical studies on toddlers fed with cow's milk or young children formula (YCF), and the potential risks or benefits in the short and long term.

Citing Articles

Research on commercial milk formulas for young children: A scoping review.

Cavalcanti M, Silva I, Lamarca F, de Castro I Matern Child Nutr. 2024; 20(4):e13675.

PMID: 38956436 PMC: 11574680. DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13675.

Micronutrient intake inadequacies in different types of milk consumers in Indonesian children 1–5 years: dietary modeling with young child milk improved nutrient intakes.

Sunardi D, Wibowo Y, Mak T, Wang D Front Nutr. 2023; 10:1169904.

PMID: 37565041 PMC: 10411456. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1169904.

Gut dysmotility in children with neurological impairment: the nutritional management.

Corsello A, Scatigno L, Govoni A, Zuccotti G, Gottrand F, Romano C Front Neurol. 2023; 14:1200101.

PMID: 37213895 PMC: 10196023. DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1200101.

Plant-Based Milk Alternatives in Child Nutrition.

Brusati M, Baroni L, Rizzo G, Giampieri F, Battino M Foods. 2023; 12(7).

PMID: 37048365 PMC: 10094203. DOI: 10.3390/foods12071544.

Vitamin D in pediatric age: Current evidence, recommendations, and misunderstandings.

Corsello A, Spolidoro G, Milani G, Agostoni C Front Med (Lausanne). 2023; 10:1107855.

PMID: 37007781 PMC: 10060648. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1107855.

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