Fermentation Supernatants of Mushroom Ameliorate Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Caco-2 Cells Via Upregulation of Tight Junctions

Overview

Journal Microorganisms

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2021 Oct 23

PMID 34683391

Citations 4

Authors

Georgia Saxami

Evangelia N Kerezoudi

Evdokia K Mitsou

Georgios Koutrotsios

Georgios I Zervakis

Vasiliki Pletsa

Adamantini Kyriacou

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

In recent years, modulation of gut microbiota through prebiotics has garnered interest as a potential to ameliorate intestinal barrier dysfunction. The aim of the study was to examine the in vitro effect of fermentation supernatants (FSs) from rich in β-glucan mushrooms on the expression levels of tight junctions (TJs) genes in Caco-2 cells stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Mushrooms were fermented using fecal inocula in an in vitro batch culture model. Caco-2 cells were subjected to LPS and FS treatment under three different conditions: pre-incubation with FS, co- and post-incubation. Reverse transcription PCR was applied to measure the expression levels of , and genes. FSs from mushrooms led to a significant upregulation of the TJs gene expression in pre-incubation state, indicating potential preventive action. Down-regulation of all TJs gene expression levels was observed when the cells were challenged with LPS. The FS negative control (gut microbiota of each donor with no carbohydrate source) exhibited a significant upregulation of TJs expression levels compared to the cells that were challenged with LPS, for all three conditions. Overall, our data highlighted the positive and potential protective effects of mushrooms in upregulation of TJs' genes.

Citing Articles

Mushrooms Fermented with Human Fecal Microbiota Protect Intestinal Barrier Integrity: Immune Modulation and Signalling Pathways Counter Deoxycholic Acid-Induced Disruption in Healthy Colonic Tissue.

Kerezoudi E, Zervakis G, Pletsa V, Kyriacou A, Brummer R, Rangel I Nutrients. 2025; 17(4).

PMID: 40005021 PMC: 11858169. DOI: 10.3390/nu17040694.

Effects of Fermented on Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Immunomodulation in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Colonic Model.

Kerezoudi E, Saxami G, Zervakis G, Pletsa V, Brummer R, Kyriacou A Biomedicines. 2025; 13(2).

PMID: 40002843 PMC: 11853518. DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines13020430.

Oxyberberine alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal barrier disruption and inflammation in human colonic Caco-2 cells .

Li C, Wang J, Yang H, Luo S, Lu Q Front Pharmacol. 2025; 15():1496874.

PMID: 39840109 PMC: 11747431. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1496874.

Comparative analysis of multifaceted properties of and macro-fungi powder: Techno-functional and structural characterization, mineral uptake, and photocatalytic activity.

Singh V, Bains A, Goksen G, Capozzi V, Arjun A, Ali N Food Chem X. 2024; 24:101937.

PMID: 39582658 PMC: 11585834. DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101937.

Special Issue "Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Gut Barrier Impact Human Health and Disease": Editorial.

Raoul P, Cintoni M, Rinninella E, Mele M Microorganisms. 2023; 11(4).

PMID: 37110407 PMC: 10147068. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040985.

References

Wu R, Abdullah M, Maattanen P, Pilar A, Scruten E, Johnson-Henry K . Protein kinase C δ signaling is required for dietary prebiotic-induced strengthening of intestinal epithelial barrier function. Sci Rep. 2017; 7:40820. PMC: 5241689. DOI: 10.1038/srep40820. View

Wang J, Ji H, Wang S, Liu H, Zhang W, Zhang D . Probiotic Promotes Intestinal Barrier Function by Strengthening the Epithelium and Modulating Gut Microbiota. Front Microbiol. 2018; 9:1953. PMC: 6117384. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01953. View

Mosmann T . Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods. 1983; 65(1-2):55-63. DOI: 10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4. View

Wu Y, Zhang X, Han D, Ye H, Tao S, Pi Y . Short Administration of Combined Prebiotics Improved Microbial Colonization, Gut Barrier, and Growth Performance of Neonatal Piglets. ACS Omega. 2020; 5(32):20506-20516. PMC: 7439367. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02667. View

Van den Abbeele P, Taminiau B, Pinheiro I, Duysburgh C, Jacobs H, Pijls L . Arabinoxylo-Oligosaccharides and Inulin Impact Inter-Individual Variation on Microbial Metabolism and Composition, Which Immunomodulates Human Cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2018; 66(5):1121-1130. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04611. View

Vlassopoulou M, Yannakoulia M, Pletsa V, Zervakis G, Kyriacou A . Effects of fungal beta-glucans on health - a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Food Funct. 2021; 12(8):3366-3380. DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00122a. View

Krupodorova T, Rybalko S, Barshteyn V . Antiviral activity of Basidiomycete mycelia against influenza type A (serotype H1N1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 in cell culture. Virol Sin. 2014; 29(5):284-90. PMC: 8206326. DOI: 10.1007/s12250-014-3486-y. View

Cui Y, Liu L, Dou X, Wang C, Zhang W, Gao K . ZJ617 maintains intestinal integrity via regulating tight junction, autophagy and apoptosis in mice challenged with lipopolysaccharide. Oncotarget. 2017; 8(44):77489-77499. PMC: 5652795. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20536. View

Wang X, Wang W, Wang L, Yu C, Zhang G, Zhu H . Lentinan modulates intestinal microbiota and enhances barrier integrity in a piglet model challenged with lipopolysaccharide. Food Funct. 2019; 10(1):479-489. DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02438c. View

10.

Yang Z, Xu J, Fu Q, Fu X, Shu T, Bi Y . Antitumor activity of a polysaccharide from Pleurotus eryngii on mice bearing renal cancer. Carbohydr Polym. 2013; 95(2):615-20. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.03.024. View

11.

Ulluwishewa D, Anderson R, McNabb W, Moughan P, Wells J, Roy N . Regulation of tight junction permeability by intestinal bacteria and dietary components. J Nutr. 2011; 141(5):769-76. DOI: 10.3945/jn.110.135657. View

12.

Ghosh S, Whitley C, Haribabu B, Jala V . Regulation of Intestinal Barrier Function by Microbial Metabolites. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021; 11(5):1463-1482. PMC: 8025057. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.02.007. View

13.

Schoultz I, Keita A . The Intestinal Barrier and Current Techniques for the Assessment of Gut Permeability. Cells. 2020; 9(8). PMC: 7463717. DOI: 10.3390/cells9081909. View

14.

Chen J, Yong Y, Xia X, Wang Z, Liang Y, Zhang S . The excreted polysaccharide of Pleurotus eryngii inhibits the foam-cell formation via down-regulation of CD36. Carbohydr Polym. 2014; 112:16-23. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.05.068. View

15.

Kawai J, Andoh T, Ouchi K, Inatomi S . Pleurotus eryngii Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lung Inflammation in Mice. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014; 2014:532389. PMC: 3995096. DOI: 10.1155/2014/532389. View

16.

Sheng K, He S, Sun M, Zhang G, Kong X, Wang J . Synbiotic supplementation containing Bifidobacterium infantis and xylooligosaccharides alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis. Food Funct. 2020; 11(5):3964-3974. DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00518e. View

17.

Peng L, Li Z, Green R, Holzman I, Lin J . Butyrate enhances the intestinal barrier by facilitating tight junction assembly via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in Caco-2 cell monolayers. J Nutr. 2009; 139(9):1619-25. PMC: 2728689. DOI: 10.3945/jn.109.104638. View

18.

Bischoff S, Barbara G, Buurman W, Ockhuizen T, Schulzke J, Serino M . Intestinal permeability--a new target for disease prevention and therapy. BMC Gastroenterol. 2014; 14:189. PMC: 4253991. DOI: 10.1186/s12876-014-0189-7. View

19.

Koutrotsios G, Kalogeropoulos N, Kaliora A, Zervakis G . Toward an Increased Functionality in Oyster ( Pleurotus) Mushrooms Produced on Grape Marc or Olive Mill Wastes Serving as Sources of Bioactive Compounds. J Agric Food Chem. 2018; 66(24):5971-5983. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01532. View

20.

Pham V, Seifert N, Richard N, Raederstorff D, Steinert R, Prudence K . The effects of fermentation products of prebiotic fibres on gut barrier and immune functions in vitro. PeerJ. 2018; 6:e5288. PMC: 6089210. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5288. View