Sarcopenia and Osteoporosis in Older People: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Overview

Journal Eur Geriatr Med

Specialty Geriatrics

Date 2021 Oct 22

PMID 34674498

Citations 41

Authors

Barbara Rubek Nielsen

Jawdat Abdulla

Hanne Elkjaer Andersen

Peter Schwarz

Charlotte Suetta

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Age-related loss of muscle and bone (sarcopenia and osteoporosis), increases the risk of falls and fractures and consequently leads to a substantial economic burden for the society. The combined condition, osteosarcopenia, may identify patients at a higher risk of those outcomes and could be relevant for assessment and treatment in clinical practice.

Aim: To evaluate the current knowledge of the prevalence of osteosarcopenia and the fracture risk in older people.

Method: A systematic literature review was conducted until 10th March 2018. A total of 1105 papers were detected, whereof 1049 and 29 were excluded by title/abstracts and full-text assessment, respectively. Twenty-seven original papers were included in the systematic review, whereof 17 were suitable for meta-analysis.

Results: The prevalence of osteosarcopenia varied (5-37%) depending on the classification of sarcopenia and whether participants were classified initially according to sarcopenia or osteoporosis. In patients with low-energy osteoporotic fractures, sarcopenia was present in 7.8-58% and 1.3-96.3% of the cases, women and men, respectively. The meta-analysis of prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with low-energy fracture (n = 9) was 46% (95% CI 44, 48; p < 0.001). The relative risk of fracture (sarcopenic versus non-sarcopenic) in meta-analysis of four studies was 1.37 (95% CI 1.18, 1.59; p < 0.001). Mean bone mineral density (n = 5) and T-score (n = 3) of femoral neck was significantly lower in sarcopenic participants [- 0.07 g/cm (95% CI 0.08, 0.06) and - 0.34 (95% CI - 0.46, - 0.23), respectively].

Conclusion: Osteosarcopenia is frequent and the relative risk of fracture is higher among sarcopenic patients. A standard and strict classification of sarcopenia is needed to assess its true relationship and consequences.

Citing Articles

Comparative study on muscle-tendon stiffness and balance impairment in postmenopausal women: a focus on osteosarcopenia and osteoporosis.

Yekta E, Torkaman G, Aghaghazvini L Aging Clin Exp Res. 2024; 36(1):232.

PMID: 39625551 PMC: 11614992. DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02888-3.

CT-defined muscle density as a prognostic factor in multiple myeloma undergoing autologous stem cell therapy: a retrospective single center study.

Surov A, Ponisch W, Borggrefe J, Meyer H J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2024; 150(11):499.

PMID: 39546043 PMC: 11567988. DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-06009-5.

Osteosarcopenia in patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Wang C, Liu H, Lin W, Wu L, Guo H, Huang S Medicine (Baltimore). 2024; 103(45):e40476.

PMID: 39533564 PMC: 11557054. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000040476.

Sarcopenia as a predictor of nutritional status and comorbidities: a cross-sectional and mendelian randomization study.

Liu C, Chen G, Xia Y, Wang P, Zhao Z, Zhang J BMC Geriatr. 2024; 24(1):752.

PMID: 39261770 PMC: 11389292. DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05341-2.

Osteosarcopenia in Finland: prevalence and associated factors.

Blomqvist M, Nuotio M, Saaksjarvi K, Koskinen S, Stenholm S Arch Osteoporos. 2024; 19(1):80.

PMID: 39212839 PMC: 11364597. DOI: 10.1007/s11657-024-01439-7.

References

Frisoli Jr A, Chaves P, Ingham S, Fried L . Severe osteopenia and osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and frailty status in community-dwelling older women: results from the Women's Health and Aging Study (WHAS) II. Bone. 2011; 48(4):952-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2010.12.025. View

DI Monaco M, Vallero F, Di Monaco R, Tappero R . Prevalence of sarcopenia and its association with osteoporosis in 313 older women following a hip fracture. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2010; 52(1):71-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2010.02.002. View

Marks R . Hip fracture epidemiological trends, outcomes, and risk factors, 1970-2009. Int J Gen Med. 2010; 3:1-17. PMC: 2866546. View

Cruz-Jentoft A, Baeyens J, Bauer J, Boirie Y, Cederholm T, Landi F . Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing. 2010; 39(4):412-23. PMC: 2886201. DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afq034. View

Newman A, Kupelian V, Visser M, Simonsick E, Goodpaster B, Nevitt M . Sarcopenia: alternative definitions and associations with lower extremity function. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003; 51(11):1602-9. DOI: 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51534.x. View

Masanes F, Rojano I Luque X, Salva A, Serra-Rexach J, Artaza I, Formiga F . Cut-off Points for Muscle Mass - Not Grip Strength or Gait Speed - Determine Variations in Sarcopenia Prevalence. J Nutr Health Aging. 2017; 21(7):825-829. DOI: 10.1007/s12603-016-0844-5. View

Hill K, Farrier K, Russell M, Burton E . Dysmobility syndrome: current perspectives. Clin Interv Aging. 2017; 12:145-152. PMC: 5248585. DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S102961. View

Cruz-Jentoft A, Landi F, Schneider S, Zuniga C, Arai H, Boirie Y . Prevalence of and interventions for sarcopenia in ageing adults: a systematic review. Report of the International Sarcopenia Initiative (EWGSOP and IWGS). Age Ageing. 2014; 43(6):748-59. PMC: 4204661. DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afu115. View

Smoliner C, Sieber C, Wirth R . Prevalence of sarcopenia in geriatric hospitalized patients. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2014; 15(4):267-72. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.11.027. View

10.

Hernlund E, Svedbom A, Ivergard M, Compston J, Cooper C, Stenmark J . Osteoporosis in the European Union: medical management, epidemiology and economic burden. A report prepared in collaboration with the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industry Associations.... Arch Osteoporos. 2013; 8:136. PMC: 3880487. DOI: 10.1007/s11657-013-0136-1. View

11.

Hamrick M . JMNI special issue: basic science and mechanisms of muscle-bone interactions. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2010; 10(1):1-2. View

12.

Chien K, Karsenty G . Longevity and lineages: toward the integrative biology of degenerative diseases in heart, muscle, and bone. Cell. 2005; 120(4):533-44. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2005.02.006. View

13.

Sharir A, Stern T, Rot C, Shahar R, Zelzer E . Muscle force regulates bone shaping for optimal load-bearing capacity during embryogenesis. Development. 2011; 138(15):3247-59. DOI: 10.1242/dev.063768. View

14.

Kaji H . Interaction between Muscle and Bone. J Bone Metab. 2014; 21(1):29-40. PMC: 3970293. DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2014.21.1.29. View

15.

Kaji H . Linkage between muscle and bone: common catabolic signals resulting in osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2013; 16(3):272-7. DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e32835fe6a5. View

16.

Kawao N, Kaji H . Interactions between muscle tissues and bone metabolism. J Cell Biochem. 2014; 116(5):687-95. DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25040. View

17.

Edwards M, Dennison E, Aihie Sayer A, Fielding R, Cooper C . Osteoporosis and sarcopenia in older age. Bone. 2015; 80:126-130. PMC: 4601530. DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.04.016. View

18.

Schafer M, Atkinson E, Vanderboom P, Kotajarvi B, White T, Moore M . Quantification of GDF11 and Myostatin in Human Aging and Cardiovascular Disease. Cell Metab. 2016; 23(6):1207-1215. PMC: 4913514. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.023. View

19.

Landi F, Cruz-Jentoft A, Liperoti R, Russo A, Giovannini S, Tosato M . Sarcopenia and mortality risk in frail older persons aged 80 years and older: results from ilSIRENTE study. Age Ageing. 2013; 42(2):203-9. DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afs194. View

20.

Landi F, Liperoti R, Fusco D, Mastropaolo S, Quattrociocchi D, Proia A . Sarcopenia and mortality among older nursing home residents. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2011; 13(2):121-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2011.07.004. View