Oral Candidal Load and Oral Health Status in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients: A Case-Cohort Study

Overview

Journal Biomed Res Int

Publisher Wiley

Specialties Biomedical Engineering
Biotechnology
General Medicine

Date 2021 Sep 21

PMID 34545329

Citations 6

Authors

Shahnawaz Khijmatgar

Giridhar Belur

Rajesh Venkataram

Mohmed Isaqali Karobari

Anand Marya

Veena Shetty

Avidyuti Chowdhury

Martin Gootveld

Edward Lynch

Sunena Shetty

Shilpa Shenoy

K Chaithra

Chitta Ranjan Chowdhury

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the candidal load of the patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and evaluate the oral health status of subjects with COPD. . = 112 COPD subjects and = 100 control subjects were included in the study. The selection of COPD cases was confirmed based on the set criteria from the American College of Physicians. The oral health status was assessed as per WHO criteria to determine the score of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), significant caries index (SiC), community periodontal index and treatment needs (CPITN), and oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S). Gram staining was performed to identify Candida using the whole saliva. Quantitative evaluation of the candidal load was carried out using Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Chrome agar was used to differentiate between the commensal carriages. A statistical analysis paired -test and 95% confidence interval (CI) for proportions was carried out using STATA software.

Results: Candidal growth was found in 21.42% ( = 24) of COPD cases and 1.1% ( = 11) of control cases ( < 0.05) (95% CI 0.45, 0.59). The DMFT score was 8.26 in COPD subjects and 4.6 in controls, the SiC score was 16.42 in COPD subjects and 10.25 in controls, and the CPITN score for both COPD and control cases was score 2.

Conclusion: In conclusion, there was a higher candidal load among subjects suffering from COPD. Theophylline medication can be a risk factor for increased candidal load in COPD patients.

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