Transcriptomics and Methylomics Study on the Effect of Iodine-containing Drug FS-1 on ATCC BAA-196

Promising results on application of iodine-containing nano-micelles, FS-1, against antibiotic-resistant was demonstrated. RNA sequencing for transcriptomics and the complete genome sequencing by SMRT PacBio were followed by genome assembly and methylomics. FS-1-treated showed an increased susceptibility to antibiotics ampicillin and gentamicin. Cultivation with FS-1 caused gene expression alterations toward anaerobic respiration, increased anabolism and inhibition of many nutrient uptake systems. Main targets of iodine-containing particles were cell membrane structures causing oxidative, osmotic and acidic stresses. Identification of methylated nucleotides showed an altered pattern in the FS-1-treated culture. Possible role of transcriptional and epigenetic modifications in the observed increase in susceptibility to gentamicin and ampicillin were discussed.