Computational Estimates of Daily Aggregate Exposure to PFOA/PFOS from 2011 to 2017 Using a Basic Intake Model

Overview

Journal J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

Specialties Environmental Health
Public Health

Date 2021 Aug 10

PMID 34373583

Citations 4

Authors

Alexander East

Peter P Egeghy

Elaine A Cohen Hubal

Rachel Slover

Daniel A Vallero

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Human exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances has been modeled to estimate serum concentrations. Given that the production and use of these compounds have decreased in recent years, especially PFOA and PFOS, and that additional concentration data have become available from the US and other industrialized countries over the past decade, aggregate median intakes of these two compounds were estimated using more recent data.

Methods: Summary statistics from secondary sources were collected, averaged, and mapped for indoor and outdoor air, water, dust, and soil for PFOA and PFOS to estimate exposures for adults and children. European dietary intake estimates were used to estimate daily intake from food.

Results: In accordance with decreased concentrations in media, daily intake estimates among adults, i.e., 40 ng/day PFOA and 40 ng/day PFOS, are substantially lower than those reported previously, as are children's estimates of 14 ng/day PFOA and 17 ng/day PFOS. Using a first-order pharmacokinetic model, these results compare favorably to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey serum concentration measurements.

Conclusion: Concomitant blood concentrations support this enhanced estimation approach that captures the decline of PFOA/PFOS serum concentration over a decade.

Citing Articles

Linking exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in house dust and biomonitoring data in eight impacted communities.

Minucci J, DeLuca N, Durant J, Goodwin B, Kowalski P, Scruton K Environ Int. 2024; 188:108756.

PMID: 38795657 PMC: 11323284. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108756.

Effects of short-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on human cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes and human hepatocytes: An study.

Solan M, Lavado R Curr Res Toxicol. 2023; 5:100116.

PMID: 37575337 PMC: 10412865. DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2023.100116.

A Scoping Assessment of Implemented Toxicokinetic Models of Per- and Polyfluoro-Alkyl Substances, with a Focus on One-Compartment Models.

East A, Dawson D, Brady S, Vallero D, Tornero-Velez R Toxics. 2023; 11(2).

PMID: 36851038 PMC: 9964825. DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020163.

Human exposure pathways to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from indoor media: A systematic review.

DeLuca N, Minucci J, Mullikin A, Slover R, Cohen Hubal E Environ Int. 2022; 162:107149.

PMID: 35240384 PMC: 11577573. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107149.

References

Barton K, Starling A, Higgins C, McDonough C, Calafat A, Adgate J . Sociodemographic and behavioral determinants of serum concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in a community highly exposed to aqueous film-forming foam contaminants in drinking water. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2019; 223(1):256-266. PMC: 6878185. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.07.012. View

Schwanz T, Llorca M, Farre M, Barcelo D . Perfluoroalkyl substances assessment in drinking waters from Brazil, France and Spain. Sci Total Environ. 2015; 539:143-152. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.08.034. View

Balk F, Putz K, Ribbenstedt A, Gomis M, Filipovic M, Cousins I . Children's exposure to perfluoroalkyl acids - a modelling approach. Environ Sci Process Impacts. 2019; 21(11):1875-1886. DOI: 10.1039/c9em00323a. View

Thompson J, Lorber M, Toms L, Kato K, Calafat A, Mueller J . Use of simple pharmacokinetic modeling to characterize exposure of Australians to perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid. Environ Int. 2010; 36(4):390-397. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2010.02.008. View

Harada K, Saito N, Sasaki K, Inoue K, Koizumi A . Perfluorooctane sulfonate contamination of drinking water in the Tama River, Japan: estimated effects on resident serum levels. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2003; 71(1):31-6. DOI: 10.1007/s00128-003-0126-x. View

Butenhoff J, Kennedy Jr G, Hinderliter P, Lieder P, Jung R, Hansen K . Pharmacokinetics of perfluorooctanoate in cynomolgus monkeys. Toxicol Sci. 2004; 82(2):394-406. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfh302. View

Liu X . Characterise sources for exposure assessment of chemicals in indoor environment. Indoor Built Environ. 2018; 27(3):291-295. PMC: 6178837. DOI: 10.1177/1420326X18762818. View

Tittlemier S, Pepper K, Seymour C, Moisey J, Bronson R, Cao X . Dietary exposure of Canadians to perfluorinated carboxylates and perfluorooctane sulfonate via consumption of meat, fish, fast foods, and food items prepared in their packaging. J Agric Food Chem. 2007; 55(8):3203-10. DOI: 10.1021/jf0634045. View

Pang Y, MacIntosh D, Camann D, Ryan P . Analysis of aggregate exposure to chlorpyrifos in the NHEXAS-Maryland investigation. Environ Health Perspect. 2002; 110(3):235-40. PMC: 1240762. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.02110235. View

10.

Knutsen H, Alexander J, Barregard L, Bignami M, Bruschweiler B, Ceccatelli S . Risk to human health related to the presence of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid in food. EFSA J. 2020; 16(12):e05194. PMC: 7009575. DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5194. View

11.

Winkens K, Koponen J, Schuster J, Shoeib M, Vestergren R, Berger U . Perfluoroalkyl acids and their precursors in indoor air sampled in children's bedrooms. Environ Pollut. 2016; 222:423-432. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.010. View

12.

Xiao F, Simcik M, Halbach T, Gulliver J . Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) in soils and groundwater of a U.S. metropolitan area: migration and implications for human exposure. Water Res. 2014; 72:64-74. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.09.052. View

13.

Fraser A, Webster T, Watkins D, Strynar M, Kato K, Calafat A . Polyfluorinated compounds in dust from homes, offices, and vehicles as predictors of concentrations in office workers' serum. Environ Int. 2013; 60:128-36. PMC: 3904429. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2013.08.012. View

14.

Cohen Hubal E, Egeghy P, W Leovic K, Akland G . Measuring potential dermal transfer of a pesticide to children in a child care center. Environ Health Perspect. 2006; 114(2):264-9. PMC: 1367842. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8283. View

15.

Shafique U, Schulze S, Slawik C, Bohme A, Paschke A, Schuurmann G . Perfluoroalkyl acids in aqueous samples from Germany and Kenya. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016; 24(12):11031-11043. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7076-4. View

16.

Karaskova P, Venier M, Melymuk L, Becanova J, Vojta S, Prokes R . Perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) in household dust in Central Europe and North America. Environ Int. 2016; 94:315-324. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.05.031. View

17.

Vestergren R, Cousins I, Trudel D, Wormuth M, Scheringer M . Estimating the contribution of precursor compounds in consumer exposure to PFOS and PFOA. Chemosphere. 2008; 73(10):1617-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.08.011. View

18.

Egeghy P, Lorber M . An assessment of the exposure of Americans to perfluorooctane sulfonate: a comparison of estimated intake with values inferred from NHANES data. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2010; 21(2):150-68. DOI: 10.1038/jes.2009.73. View

19.

Olsen G, Burris J, Ehresman D, Froehlich J, Seacat A, Butenhoff J . Half-life of serum elimination of perfluorooctanesulfonate,perfluorohexanesulfonate, and perfluorooctanoate in retired fluorochemical production workers. Environ Health Perspect. 2007; 115(9):1298-305. PMC: 1964923. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.10009. View

20.

Bartell S, Calafat A, Lyu C, Kato K, Ryan P, Steenland K . Rate of decline in serum PFOA concentrations after granular activated carbon filtration at two public water systems in Ohio and West Virginia. Environ Health Perspect. 2010; 118(2):222-8. PMC: 2831921. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0901252. View