The Effect of Smoking on Endothelial Dysfunction in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Patients with Preserved Renal Function

Overview

Journal Ren Fail

Publisher Informa Healthcare

Date 2021 Jul 14

PMID 34256663

Citations 3

Authors

Cuma Bulent Gul

Abdulmecit Yildiz

Saim Sag

Aysegul Oruc

Alparslan Ersoy

Sumeyye Gullulu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), endothelial dysfunction (ED) is common and occurs much earlier than kidney function impairment. The impact of smoking on ED in ADPKD patients has not been previously studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential contribution of smoking habits to ED and subclinical atherosclerosis in these patients.

Methods: This case-control study included 54 ADPKD patients with preserved renal function and 45 healthy control subjects. ED was assessed using ischemia-induced forearm flow-mediated dilatation (FMD). Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was measured from 10 mm proximal to the right common carotid artery. Clinical demographic characteristics and laboratory data were recorded for the patients and control group. Regression analysis was used to determine independent associations of ED and CIMT.

Results: FMD was significantly lower in the ADPKD patients (19.5 ± 5.63 vs. 16.56 ± 6.41, = .018). Compared with nonsmoker ADPKD patients, smoker patients had significantly lower FMD values (18.19 ± 6.52 vs. 13.79 ± 5.27, = .013). In multiple regression analysis, age ( = -0.294, 95% CI: -0.392: -1.96, = .001) for FMD and smoking ( = 1.328, 95% CI: 0.251, 2.404, = .017) for CIMT were independent predictors.

Conclusions: Patients with ADPKD had more impaired endothelial function and subclinical atherosclerosis compared with control subjects. Smoking may increase the risk of subclinical atherosclerosis in ADPKD patients.

Citing Articles

Trigger Warning: How Modern Diet, Lifestyle, and Environment Pull the Trigger on Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Progression.

Messing M, Torres J, Holznecht N, Weimbs T Nutrients. 2024; 16(19).

PMID: 39408247 PMC: 11479178. DOI: 10.3390/nu16193281.

Cardiovascular Manifestations and Management in ADPKD.

Sagar P, Rangan G Kidney Int Rep. 2023; 8(10):1924-1940.

PMID: 37850017 PMC: 10577330. DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.07.017.

Tobacco smoking and vascular biology and function: evidence from human studies.

Hahad O, Kuntic M, Kuntic I, Daiber A, Munzel T Pflugers Arch. 2023; 475(7):797-805.

PMID: 36961561 PMC: 10264470. DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02805-z.

References

Pei Y, Obaji J, Dupuis A, Paterson A, Magistroni R, Dicks E . Unified criteria for ultrasonographic diagnosis of ADPKD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008; 20(1):205-12. PMC: 2615723. DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2008050507. View

Levey A, Inker L, Coresh J . GFR estimation: from physiology to public health. Am J Kidney Dis. 2014; 63(5):820-34. PMC: 4001724. DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.12.006. View

Ecder T, Schrier R . Cardiovascular abnormalities in autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2009; 5(4):221-8. PMC: 2720315. DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2009.13. View

Sag S, Yildiz A, Gullulu S, Gungoren F, Ozdemir B, Cegilli E . Early atherosclerosis in normotensive patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: the relation between epicardial adipose tissue thickness and carotid intima-media thickness. Springerplus. 2016; 5:211. PMC: 4771685. DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-1871-8. View

Ecder T . Cardiovascular complications in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Curr Hypertens Rev. 2013; 9(1):2-11. DOI: 10.2174/1573402111309010002. View

Borresen M, Wang D, Strandgaard S . Pulse wave reflection is amplified in normotensive patients with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease and normal renal function. Am J Nephrol. 2007; 27(3):240-6. DOI: 10.1159/000101369. View

Celermajer D, Sorensen K, Gooch V, Spiegelhalter D, Miller O, Sullivan I . Non-invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosis. Lancet. 1992; 340(8828):1111-5. DOI: 10.1016/0140-6736(92)93147-f. View

Ozkok A, Akpinar T, Tufan F, Kanitez N, Uysal M, Guzel M . Clinical characteristics and predictors of progression of chronic kidney disease in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a single center experience. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2012; 17(3):345-51. DOI: 10.1007/s10157-012-0706-3. View

Ezzati M, Lopez A . Estimates of global mortality attributable to smoking in 2000. Lancet. 2003; 362(9387):847-52. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14338-3. View

10.

Klein I, Ligtenberg G, Oey P, Koomans H, Blankestijn P . Sympathetic activity is increased in polycystic kidney disease and is associated with hypertension. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2001; 12(11):2427-2433. DOI: 10.1681/ASN.V12112427. View

11.

Rahbari-Oskoui F, Williams O, Chapman A . Mechanisms and management of hypertension in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014; 29(12):2194-201. DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft513. View

12.

Orth S, Viedt C, Ritz E . Adverse effects of smoking in the renal patient. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2001; 194(1):1-15. DOI: 10.1620/tjem.194.1. View

13.

Wang D, Iversen J, Wilcox C, Strandgaard S . Endothelial dysfunction and reduced nitric oxide in resistance arteries in autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2003; 64(4):1381-8. DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00236.x. View

14.

Li H, Srinivasan S, Berenson G . Comparison of the measures of pulsatile arterial function between asymptomatic younger adult smokers and former smokers: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Hypertens. 2006; 19(9):897-901. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2006.02.004. View

15.

Michael Pittilo R . Cigarette smoking, endothelial injury and cardiovascular disease. Int J Exp Pathol. 2000; 81(4):219-30. PMC: 2517732. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2613.2000.00162.x. View

16.

Raptis V, Georgianos P, Sarafidis P, Sioulis A, Makedou K, Makedou A . Elevated asymmetric dimethylarginine is associated with oxidant stress aggravation in patients with early stage autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2014; 38(1):72-82. DOI: 10.1159/000355756. View

17.

Go A, Chertow G, Fan D, McCulloch C, Hsu C . Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. N Engl J Med. 2004; 351(13):1296-305. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa041031. View

18.

Cadnapaphornchai M, McFann K, Strain J, Masoumi A, Schrier R . Increased left ventricular mass in children with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and borderline hypertension. Kidney Int. 2008; 74(9):1192-6. PMC: 2574635. DOI: 10.1038/ki.2008.397. View

19.

Kocyigit I, Gungor Kaya M, Orscelik O, Kaya C, Akpek M, Zengin H . Early arterial stiffness and inflammatory bio-markers in normotensive polycystic kidney disease patients. Am J Nephrol. 2012; 36(1):11-8. DOI: 10.1159/000339440. View

20.

Johnson H, Gossett L, Piper M, Aeschlimann S, Korcarz C, Baker T . Effects of smoking and smoking cessation on endothelial function: 1-year outcomes from a randomized clinical trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010; 55(18):1988-95. PMC: 2947952. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.03.002. View