Antiprotozoal and Antibacterial Activity of Ravenelin, a Xanthone Isolated from the Endophytic Fungus

Overview

Journal Molecules

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Biology

Date 2021 Jul 2

PMID 34199336

Citations 11

Authors

Jeferson Rodrigo Souza Pina

Joao Victor Silva-Silva

Josiwander Miranda Carvalho

Heriberto Rodrigues Bitencourt

Luciano Almeida Watanabe

Juan Matheus Pereira Fernandes

Guilherme Eduardo de Souza

Anna Caroline Campos Aguiar

Rafael Victorio Carvalho Guido

Fernando Almeida-Souza

Katia da Silva Calabrese

Patricia Santana Barbosa Marinho

Andrey Moacir do Rosario Marinho

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The natural compound ravenelin was isolated from the biomass extracts of fungus, and its antimicrobial, antiplasmodial, and trypanocidal activities were evaluated. Ravenelin was isolated by column chromatography and HPLC and identified by NMR and MS. The susceptibility of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains to ravenelin was determined by microbroth dilution assay. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2) and BALB/c peritoneal macrophages by using MTT. SYBR Green I-based assay was used in the asexual stages of . Trypanocidal activity was tested against the epimastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of . Ravenelin was active against Gram-positive bacteria strains, with emphasis on (MIC value of 7.5 µM). Ravenelin's antiparasitic activities were assessed against both the epimastigote (IC value of 5 ± 1 µM) and the intracellular amastigote forms of (IC value of 9 ± 2 µM), as well as against (IC value of 3.4 ± 0.4 µM). Ravenelin showed low cytotoxic effects on both HepG2 (CC > 50 µM) and peritoneal macrophage (CC = 185 ± 1 µM) cells with attractive selectivity for the parasites (SI values > 15). These findings indicate that ravenelin is a natural compound with both antibacterial and antiparasitic activities, and considerable selectivity indexes. Therefore, ravenelin is an attractive candidate for hit-to-lead development.

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