Antifungal Potential of Zinc Against Leaf Spot Disease in Chili Pepper Caused by

Overview

Journal Physiol Mol Biol Plants

Specialty Biology

Date 2021 Jun 28

PMID 34177151

Citations 6

Authors

Amna Shoaib

Mishaal Akhtar

Arshad Javaid

Haider Ali

Zahra Nisar

Shabnam Javed

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The fungal pathogen, is responsible for causing leaf spot disease in many plants, including chili pepper. Zinc (Zn) an essential micronutrient for plant growth, also increases resistance in plants against diseases, and also acts as an antifungal agent. Here, in vitro effects of ZnSO on the propagation of were investigated, and also in vivo, the effect of foliar application of ZnSO was investigated in chili pepper plants under disease stress. In vitro, ZnSO inhibited fungal growth in a dose-dependent manner, with complete inhibition being observed at the concentration of 8.50 mM. Hyphae and conidial damage were observed along with abnormal activity of antioxidant enzymes, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the major changes in the protein structure of the fungal biomass after Zn accumulation. In vivo, pathogen infection caused the highest leaf spot disease incidence, and cumulative disease index, which resulted in a significant reduction in the plant's growth (length and biomass), and physiochemical traits (photosynthetic pigment, activity of catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase). The heat map and principal component analysis based on disease, growth and, physico-chemical variables generated useful information regarding the best treatment useful for disease management. Foliar Zn (0.036 mM) acted as a resistance inducer in chili pepper plants that improved activities of antioxidants (CAT and POX), and defense compounds (PPO and PAL), while managing 77% of disease. The study indicated foliar ZnSO as an effective and sustainable agriculture practice to manage Alternaria leaf spot disease in chili pepper plants.

Citing Articles

Mechanistic insight into the anti-alternaria activity of bimetallic zinc oxide and silver/zinc oxide nanoparticles.

Daniel A, Smith E, Al-Hashimi A, Gokul A, Keyster M, Klein A Heliyon. 2024; 10(10):e31330.

PMID: 38803897 PMC: 11129099. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31330.

Seed biopriming with mediated defense responses in (L.) against Fusarium rot.

Yaqoob H, Shoaib A, Anwar A, Perveen S, Javed S, Mehnaz S Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2024; 30(1):49-66.

PMID: 38435857 PMC: 10902241. DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01408-3.

Effects of Zinc Compounds on the Enzymatic Activities of Lysozyme and Peroxidase and Their Antifungal Activities.

Kim Y, Chang J, Kim Y, Lee J, Kho H Biol Trace Elem Res. 2024; 202(12):5850-5862.

PMID: 38376730 PMC: 11502591. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04110-x.

Farmyard manure, a potential organic additive to reclaim copper and Macrophomina phaseolina stress responses in mash bean plants.

Akhtar S, Shoaib A, Javiad I, Qaisar U, Tasadduq R Sci Rep. 2023; 13(1):14383.

PMID: 37658111 PMC: 10474152. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41509-3.

In vivo and In vitro evaluation of the antifungal activity of the PGPR Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 (MZ945930) against Alternaria alternata with growth promotion influences on Capsicum annuum L. plants.

Soliman S, Abdelhameed R, Metwally R Microb Cell Fact. 2023; 22(1):70.

PMID: 37055827 PMC: 10103514. DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02080-8.

References

Li Z, Fan Y, Gao L, Cao X, Ye J, Li G . The Dual Roles of Zinc Sulfate in Mitigating Peach Gummosis. Plant Dis. 2019; 100(2):345-351. DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-01-15-0131-RE. View

Luo Y, Yao A, Tan M, Li Z, Qing L, Yang S . Effects of manganese and zinc on the growth process of and the possible inhibitory mechanisms. PeerJ. 2020; 8:e8613. PMC: 7036275. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8613. View

Cabot C, Martos S, Llugany M, Gallego B, Tolra R, Poschenrieder C . A Role for Zinc in Plant Defense Against Pathogens and Herbivores. Front Plant Sci. 2019; 10:1171. PMC: 6794951. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01171. View

Kumar K, Khan P . Effect of insecticides, oxydementon-methyl & dimethoate, on chlorophyll retention & hydrogen peroxide utilization in ragi (Eleusine coracana Gaertn.cv PR 202) leaves during senescence. Indian J Exp Biol. 1982; 20(12):889-93. View

Ma D, Sun D, Wang C, Ding H, Qin H, Hou J . Physiological Responses and Yield of Wheat Plants in Zinc-Mediated Alleviation of Drought Stress. Front Plant Sci. 2017; 8:860. PMC: 5442205. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00860. View

Gagosh Nayyar B, Woodward S, Mur L, Akram A, Arshad M, Naqvi S . The Incidence of Species Associated with Infected L. Seeds from Fields of the Punjab, Pakistan. Plant Pathol J. 2017; 33(6):543-553. PMC: 5720601. DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.OA.04.2017.0081. View

Matic S, Tabone G, Garibaldi A, Gullino M . Alternaria Leaf Spot Caused by Species: An Emerging Problem on Ornamental Plants in Italy. Plant Dis. 2020; 104(8):2275-2287. DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-02-20-0399-RE. View

Costa J, Rodriguez R, Garcia-Cela E, Medina A, Magan N, Lima N . Overview of Fungi and Mycotoxin Contamination in Capsicum Pepper and in Its Derivatives. Toxins (Basel). 2019; 11(1). PMC: 6356975. DOI: 10.3390/toxins11010027. View

Wang X, Wang Y, Liu P, Ding Y, Mu X, Liu X . Is Involved in Wheat Defense against Stripe Rust Pathogen Mediated by . Front Plant Sci. 2017; 8:156. PMC: 5306363. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00156. View

10.

Li C, Wang P, van der Ent A, Cheng M, Jiang H, Read T . Absorption of foliar-applied Zn in sunflower (Helianthus annuus): importance of the cuticle, stomata and trichomes. Ann Bot. 2018; 123(1):57-68. PMC: 6344099. DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy135. View

11.

Cherrad S, Girard V, Dieryckx C, Goncalves I, Dupuy J, Bonneu M . Proteomic analysis of proteins secreted by Botrytis cinerea in response to heavy metal toxicity. Metallomics. 2012; 4(8):835-46. DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20041d. View

12.

Rafi S, Shoaib A, Awan Z, Rizvi N, Nafisa , Shafiq M . Chromium tolerance, oxidative stress response, morphological characteristics, and FTIR studies of phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotium rolfsii. Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2016; 62(3):207-219. DOI: 10.1007/s12223-016-0489-0. View

13.

AEBI H . Catalase in vitro. Methods Enzymol. 1984; 105:121-6. DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(84)05016-3. View

14.

LOWRY O, ROSEBROUGH N, FARR A, RANDALL R . Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951; 193(1):265-75. View

15.

Shoaib A, Ali H, Javaid A, Awan Z . Contending charcoal rot disease of mungbean by employing biocontrol and zinc. Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2020; 26(7):1385-1397. PMC: 7326837. DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00817-y. View

16.

Shoaib A, Nisar Z, Nafisa , Javaid A, Khurshid S, Javed S . Necrotrophic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina tolerates chromium stress through regulating antioxidant enzymes and genes expression (MSN1 and MT). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019; 26(12):12446-12458. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04457-y. View

17.

Gomes M, Machado B, Rodrigues E, Montanha G, Rossi M, Otto R . In Vivo Evaluation of Zn Foliar Uptake and Transport in Soybean Using X-ray Absorption and Fluorescence Spectroscopy. J Agric Food Chem. 2019; 67(44):12172-12181. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04977. View

18.

Cohen R, Pivonia S, Burger Y, Edelstein M, Gamliel A, Katan J . Toward Integrated Management of Monosporascus Wilt of Melons in Israel. Plant Dis. 2019; 84(5):496-505. DOI: 10.1094/PDIS.2000.84.5.496. View

19.

Martos S, Gallego B, Cabot C, Llugany M, Barcelo J, Poschenrieder C . Zinc triggers signaling mechanisms and defense responses promoting resistance to Alternaria brassicicola in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Sci. 2016; 249:13-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.05.001. View

20.

Akhtar S, Shoaib A . The counter defence system of antioxidants in Coelomycetous emerging human and plant pathogenic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina against copper toxicity. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019; 27(1):597-606. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06929-7. View