Macrophages/Microglia in the Glioblastoma Tumor Microenvironment

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2021 Jun 2

PMID 34071306

Citations 27

Authors

Jun Ma

Clark C Chen

Ming Li

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The complex interaction between glioblastoma and its microenvironment has been recognized for decades. Among various immune profiles, the major population is tumor-associated macrophage, with microglia as its localized homolog. The present definition of such myeloid cells is based on a series of cell markers. These good sentinel cells experience significant changes, facilitating glioblastoma development and protecting it from therapeutic treatments. Huge, complicated mechanisms are involved during the overall processes. A lot of effort has been dedicated to crack the mysterious codes in macrophage/microglia recruiting, activating, reprogramming, and functioning. We have made our path. With more and more key factors identified, a lot of new therapeutic methods could be explored to break the ominous loop, to enhance tumor sensitivity to treatments, and to improve the prognosis of glioblastoma patients. However, it might be a synergistic system rather than a series of clear, stepwise events. There are still significant challenges before the light of truth can shine onto the field. Here, we summarize recent advances in this field, reviewing the path we have been on and where we are now.

Citing Articles

Expression of Lumican and Osteopontin in Perivascular Areas of the Glioblastoma Peritumoral Niche and Its Value for Prognosis.

Salinas M, Rodriguez P, Rubio G, Valdor R Int J Mol Sci. 2025; 26(1.

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Glioblastoma IDHwt Treatment: A Systematic Review.

Baskaran A, Kozel O, Venkatesh O, Wainwright D, Sonabend A, Heimberger A Cancers (Basel). 2025; 16(24).

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The role of NLRP3 and NLRP12 inflammasomes in glioblastoma.

Rajkhowa S, Jha S Genes Immun. 2024; 25(6):541-551.

PMID: 39604503 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-024-00309-z.

Directionally non-rotating electric field therapy delivered through implanted electrodes as a glioblastoma treatment platform: A proof-of-principle study.

Ma J, Singh S, Li M, Seelig D, Molnar G, Wong E Neurooncol Adv. 2024; 6(1):vdae121.

PMID: 39156619 PMC: 11327618. DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdae121.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy as a Novel Approach to Modulating Macrophage Polarization for the Treatment of Glioblastoma.

Yuen C, Tsai H, Tseng T, Tseng Y, Lieu A, Kwan A Biomedicines. 2024; 12(7).

PMID: 39061957 PMC: 11274314. DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071383.

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