Implications of Extended Inhibitory Neuron Development
Overview
Chemistry
Molecular Biology
Authors
Affiliations
A prolonged developmental timeline for GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid)-expressing inhibitory neurons (GABAergic interneurons) is an amplified trait in larger, gyrencephalic animals. In several species, the generation, migration, and maturation of interneurons take place over several months, in some cases persisting after birth. The late integration of GABAergic interneurons occurs in a region-specific pattern, especially during the early postnatal period. These changes can contribute to the formation of functional connectivity and plasticity, especially in the cortical regions responsible for higher cognitive tasks. In this review, we discuss GABAergic interneuron development in the late gestational and postnatal forebrain. We propose the protracted development of interneurons at each stage (neurogenesis, neuronal migration, and network integration), as a mechanism for increased complexity and cognitive flexibility in larger, gyrencephalic brains. This developmental feature of interneurons also provides an avenue for environmental influences to shape neural circuit formation.
Shen K, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Xie Y, Ding J, Wang X CNS Neurosci Ther. 2025; 31(2):e70303.
PMID: 40013539 PMC: 11866047. DOI: 10.1111/cns.70303.
Which neurodevelopmental processes continue in humans after birth?.
Sorrells S Front Neurosci. 2024; 18:1434508.
PMID: 39308952 PMC: 11412957. DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1434508.
Alterations in aperiodic and periodic EEG activity in young children with Down syndrome.
Geiger M, Hurewitz S, Pawlowski K, Baumer N, Wilkinson C Neurobiol Dis. 2024; 200:106643.
PMID: 39173846 PMC: 11452906. DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106643.
Schantell M, John J, Coutant A, Okelberry H, Horne L, Glesinger R Hum Brain Mapp. 2024; 45(11):e26787.
PMID: 39023178 PMC: 11256138. DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26787.
Identification of the growth cone as a probe and driver of neuronal migration in the injured brain.
Nakajima C, Sawada M, Umeda E, Takagi Y, Nakashima N, Kuboyama K Nat Commun. 2024; 15(1):1877.
PMID: 38461182 PMC: 10924819. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45825-8.